Evaluating the impact of GC operating settings on GC–FID performance for total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) determination

Saari, Eija; Perämäki, Paavo; Jalonen, Jorma

doi:10.1016/j.microc.2009.09.004

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…However, high analytical costs and operational time (21,59), instrument calibration problems (60), effects of sample matrix (56), and impact of GC operating conditions (61) are some of the challenges of the method (see also Table 3).…”

Section: Gas Chromatography/flame Ionization Detection (Gc/fid)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) in Soils: A Review of Spectroscopic and Nonspectroscopic Techniques

Okparanma

Mouazen

2013

Applied Spectroscopy Reviews

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In the analysis of petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soils for total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), the role spectroscopic and non-spectroscopic techniques play are inseparable. Therefore, spectroscopic techniques cannot be discussed in isolation. In this report, spectroscopic techniques including Raman, fluorescence, infrared, visible-near-infrared spectroscopies, as well as mass spectroscopy (coupled to a gas chromatograph), and non-spectroscopic techniques such as gravimetric, immunoassay and gas chromatography with flame ionization detection are reviewed. To bridge the perceived gap in coverage of the quantitative applications of the vis-NIR spectroscopy in the rapid determination of TPHs and PAHs in soils, a detailed review of studies from the period 1999-2012 are presented. This report also highlights the strength and limitations of these techniques and evaluates their performance from the perspectives of their attributes of general applicability, namely: economic, portability, operational time, accuracy, and occupational health and safety considerations. Overall, the fluorescence spectroscopic technique had the best performance (85% total score) in comparison to others, while the gravimetric technique performed the least (60% total score). Method-specific solutions geared towards performance improvement have also been suggested.

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Section: Gas Chromatography/flame Ionization Detection (Gc/fid)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) in Soils: A Review of Spectroscopic and Nonspectroscopic Techniques

Okparanma

Mouazen

2013

Applied Spectroscopy Reviews

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“…In addition, suberin composition is usually reported in chromatographic raw area percentage and an area‐to‐mass correlation of one is assumed in mass/molar determination balances. This is not sufficiently accurate for a precise monomeric stoichiometric balance since GC/detector response varies with several factors, namely, analyte structure, functionality and dimension as well as with depolymerisation method, work‐up, chemical derivatisation procedures, GC‐methodology and detector used . To date, only a few studies have used calibrations with internal standards (ISs), and even so, some of the standards and/or ISs used offered a low degree of confidence in the analysis because of their structural/physical distance from the analytes or are extremely expensive .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is not sufficiently accurate for a precise monomeric stoichiometric balance since GC/detector response varies with several factors, namely, analyte structure, functionality and dimension [53][54][55][56] as well as with depolymerisation method, work-up, chemical derivatisation procedures, GC-methodology and detector used. 53,[57][58][59][60] To date, only a few studies have used calibrations with internal standards (ISs), 17,18,36,42,51 and even so, some of the standards and/or ISs used offered a low degree of confidence in the analysis because of their structural/physical distance from the analytes or are extremely expensive. 18 Thereby, GC-FID (MS) response factors cannot be overlooked and must be determined with suitable standards for all monomers, i.e.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A methodological approach for the simultaneous quantification of glycerol and fatty acids from cork suberin in a single GC run

Marques

Pereira

2019

Phytochemical Analysis

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Introduction Suberin, as part of plant protective barriers, is one of the most important natural polymers after cellulose and lignin. For a full elucidation of suberin structure the quantification of glycerol, fatty α,ω‐diacids and ω‐hydroxyacids, the major building blocks of suberin, is of primary importance. Glycerol is often lost in the most used analytical procedures or rarely determined by deficient or too laborious techniques. Objectives Propose a simple, accessible and reliable methanolysis work‐up procedure for an accurate and simultaneous quantification of glycerol and suberin fatty monomers in the same GC run. Material and methods Cork from Quercus suber L. was depolymerised by methanolysis. Glycerol was derivatised to an organic soluble form before the suberin monomers recovery in water/organic solvent partition. Gas chromatography flame ionisation detector (GC‐FID) response factors were determined for glycerol, ferulic acid and one for each fatty monomer substructure. Additionally, 1,2,4‐butanetriol and methyl nonadecanoate were used as internal standards. Results The proposed experimental approach allowed the glycerol and all the fatty suberin monomers in the same GC run to be quantified accurately. Glycerol represented 30.6 area%, 14.2 mass% and 38.4 molar% of suberin and the COOH/OH groups ratio was 0.6:1 in the proposed experimental approach in contrast with 0.10 area% and COOH/OH ratio of 3:1 in the most used protocol. Furthermore, ω‐hydroxyacids/α,ω‐diacids mass ratio was 1:1 as opposed to an area ratio of 1.5:1. Conclusion The proposed work‐up procedure revealed to be a reliable analytical tool for the complete analysis of suberin allowing the future knowledge to grow towards a better understanding of suberin structure throughout its range and variability.

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“…The use of different analytical methods [10][11][12][13][14][15] partially leads to slow method standardization, a long lack of certified reference materials, and differing environmental regulations on which hydrocarbons are to be included in the analysis. 16 Few research focuses on the determination of petroleum oils in sewage sludge samples in past literature. The Chinese discharge standards of pollutants for WWTP (GB/T 18918-2002, China) and only gave the conducted limits in the use of land improvement, but no standard methods for the determination of petroleum oils in sewage sludge samples were obtained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple and rapid method for determination of petroleum oils in sewage sludge samples with ultrasonic solvent extraction by infrared spectrophotometry under optimized analytical conditions

Hui-dong

Luo

2012

Anal. Methods

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Evaluating the impact of GC operating settings on GC–FID performance for total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) determination

Cited by 13 publications

References 15 publications

Determination of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) in Soils: A Review of Spectroscopic and Nonspectroscopic Techniques

Determination of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) in Soils: A Review of Spectroscopic and Nonspectroscopic Techniques

A methodological approach for the simultaneous quantification of glycerol and fatty acids from cork suberin in a single GC run

A simple and rapid method for determination of petroleum oils in sewage sludge samples with ultrasonic solvent extraction by infrared spectrophotometry under optimized analytical conditions

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