Evaluating the Impact of Calcification on Plaque Vulnerability from the Aspect of Mechanical Interaction Between Blood Flow and Artery Based on MRI

Mendieta, Jessica Benitez; Fontanarosa, Davide; Wang, Jiaqiu; Paritala, Phani Kumari; McGahan, Tim; Lloyd, Thomas; Li, Zhi Yong

doi:10.1007/s10439-020-02655-1

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis regulate the wall and play an important role in high stress. [ 19 ] The TNF signaling pathway mainly regulates the inflammatory response after cerebral infarction. Clinical studies have shown that inflammatory cytokines are effective in the pharmacological regulation of cerebral infarction.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

To explore the Radix Paeoniae Rubra-Flos Carthami herb pair's potential mechanism in the treatment of ischemic stroke by network pharmacology and molecular docking technology

Chen

Wang

et al. 2021

Medicine

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To explore the Radix Paeoniae Rubra-Flos Carthami herb pair's (RPR-FC) potential mechanism in treating ischemic stroke (IS) by network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database was used to screen the active components of the RPR-FC, and Cytoscape 3.8 software was used to construct a network map of its active components and targets of action. The GeneCards and OMIM databases were used to identify disease targets of IS, and the common targets were chosen as research targets and imported into the STRING database to construct a protein–protein interaction network map of these targets. R language software was used to analyze the enrichment of GO terms and KEGG pathways, and explore the mechanisms of these targets. Molecular docking technology was used to verify that the RPR-FC components had a good bonding activity with their potential targets. A total of 44 active components, which corresponded to 197 targets, were identified in the RPR-FC. There were 139 common targets between the herb pair and IS. GO functional enrichment analysis revealed 2253 biological process entries, 72 cellular components entries, and 183 molecular functions entries. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was mainly related to the NF-kappa B signaling pathway, the TNF signaling pathway, apoptosis, the MAPK signaling pathway, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, the VEGF signaling pathway, etc. The molecular docking results showed the components that docked well with key targets were quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, and baicalein. The active components (quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, and baicalein) of the RPR-FC and their targets act on proteins such as MAPK1, AKT1, VEGFA, and CASP3, which are closely related to IS. 1 These targets are closely related to the NF-kappa B signaling pathway, the MAPK signaling pathway, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, the VEGF signaling pathway, and other signaling pathways. These pathways are involved in the recovery of nerve function, angiogenesis, and neuronal apoptosis and the regulation of inflammatory factors, which may have a therapeutic effect on IS.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

To explore the Radix Paeoniae Rubra-Flos Carthami herb pair's potential mechanism in the treatment of ischemic stroke by network pharmacology and molecular docking technology

Chen

Wang

et al. 2021

Medicine

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“…By deriving the coordinates of the atherosclerotic plaque tissue, the material properties of different tissues were mapped to each element in the meshed structure corresponding to the coordinate data. The linear elastic material properties (Young’s modulus) were assigned to each component (arterial tissue, 0.6 MPa; calcification, 10 MPa; lipids, 0.02 MPa), Poisson’s ratio for each component was set as 0.48 [ 37 , 38 , 39 ]. An interpolation method was applied between the material properties of different components, which provided a transitional region between plaque components and the arterial wall.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Need to Shift from Morphological to Structural Assessment for Carotid Plaque Vulnerability

et al. 2022

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Degree of luminal stenosis is generally considered to be an important indicator for judging the risk of atherosclerosis burden. However, patients with the same or similar degree of stenosis may have significant differences in plaque morphology and biomechanical factors. This study investigated three patients with carotid atherosclerosis within a similar range of stenosis. Using our developed fluid–structure interaction (FSI) modelling method, this study analyzed and compared the morphological and biomechanical parameters of the three patients. Although their degrees of carotid stenosis were similar, the plaque components showed a significant difference. The distribution range of time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) of patient 2 was wider than that of patient 1 and patient 3. Patient 2 also had a much smaller plaque stress compared to the other two patients. There were significant differences in TAWSS and plaque stresses among three patients. This study suggests that plaque vulnerability is not determined by a single morphological factor, but rather by the combined structure. It is necessary to transform the morphological assessment into a structural assessment of the risk of plaque rupture.

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“…Since the mortality of coronary atherosclerosis is due to plaque rupture causing the thrombotic occlusion of blood flow to myocardium, a key issue is whether calcium deposits increase or decrease plaque rupture. Theoretical analyses suggest that the shape and the location of calcium deposits with respect to each other to the lipid core and to the fibrous cap may influence the level of rupture stress in the vessel wall [171]. Rupture stresses arise in the vascular tissues and atherosclerotic plaques along the edges of mineral deposits on the faces exposed to external tensile forces.…”

Section: Outlook On Therapeutic Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomolecules Orchestrating Cardiovascular Calcification

2021

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Vascular calcification, once considered a degenerative, end-stage, and inevitable condition, is now recognized as a complex process regulated in a manner similar to skeletal bone at the molecular and cellular levels. Since the initial discovery of bone morphogenetic protein in calcified human atherosclerotic lesions, decades of research have now led to the recognition that the regulatory mechanisms and the biomolecules that control cardiovascular calcification overlap with those controlling skeletal mineralization. In this review, we focus on key biomolecules driving the ectopic calcification in the circulation and their regulation by metabolic, hormonal, and inflammatory stimuli. Although calcium deposits in the vessel wall introduce rupture stress at their edges facing applied tensile stress, they simultaneously reduce rupture stress at the orthogonal edges, leaving the net risk of plaque rupture and consequent cardiac events depending on local material strength. A clinically important consequence of the shared mechanisms between the vascular and bone tissues is that therapeutic agents designed to inhibit vascular calcification may adversely affect skeletal mineralization and vice versa. Thus, it is essential to consider both systems when developing therapeutic strategies.

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Evaluating the Impact of Calcification on Plaque Vulnerability from the Aspect of Mechanical Interaction Between Blood Flow and Artery Based on MRI

Cited by 15 publications

References 26 publications

To explore the Radix Paeoniae Rubra-Flos Carthami herb pair's potential mechanism in the treatment of ischemic stroke by network pharmacology and molecular docking technology

To explore the Radix Paeoniae Rubra-Flos Carthami herb pair's potential mechanism in the treatment of ischemic stroke by network pharmacology and molecular docking technology

The Need to Shift from Morphological to Structural Assessment for Carotid Plaque Vulnerability

Biomolecules Orchestrating Cardiovascular Calcification

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