Evaluating the evidence of effectiveness for preventive interventions

Translational research.

“…Once Type I translational research yields a potential treatment on the basis of small-scale efficacy trials, the findings are typically subject to review to determine whether it is eligible for evidence-based status-that is, it has shown significant effects on changing the behavior that was the target of treatment, as is the case for reduction of drug use prevalence rates in an adolescent population (August et al, 2004). The criteria used to determine evidencebased status differ slightly according to the group conducting the review-for example, Cochrane Reviews of randomized controlled trials, the Center for Substance Abuse Prevention's National Registry of Effective Programs, Blueprints for violence prevention, the Center for Disease Control's registry of model education programs, the American Psychological Association's Division 12 Task Force on Empirically Supported Treatments, and the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, or NICE, in the United Kingdom (see Brown, Berndt, Brinales, Zong, & Bhagwat, 2000; Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, 2002;Chambless & Ollendick, 2001;Littlejohns, 2009). Overall, however, these groups have the following criteria in common: (a) use of a strong, defensible research design (either quasi-experimental or experimental); (b) a longitudinal measurement design, with significant effects; (c) use of standardized protocol materials; (d) monitoring and reporting of quality of implementation; and (e) evidence of replication to more than one study, group of researchers, or sites (D. S. Elliot, 1997;Flay et al, 2005;Pentz, 2003).…”

Translational research.

“…Once Type I translational research yields a potential treatment on the basis of small-scale efficacy trials, the findings are typically subject to review to determine whether it is eligible for evidencebased status-that is, it has shown significant effects on changing the behavior that was the target of treatment, as is the case for reduction of drug use prevalence rates in an adolescent population (August et al, 2004). The criteria used to determine evidence based status differ slightly according to the group conducting the review-for example, Cochrane Reviews of randomized controlled trials, the Center for Substance Abuse Prevention's National Registry of Effective Programs, Blueprints for violence prevention, the Center for Disease Control's registry of model education programs, the American Psychological Association's Division 12 Task Force on Empirically Supported Treatments, and the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, or NICE, in the United Kingdom (see Brown, Berndt, Brinales, Zong, & Bhagwat, 2000; Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, 2002;Chambless & Ollendick, 2001;Littlejohns, 2009). Overall, however, these groups have the following criteria in common: (a) use of a strong, defensible research design (either quasi-experimental or experimental); (b) a longitudinal measurement design, with significant effects; (c) use of standardized protocol materials; (d) monitoring and reporting of quality of implementation; and (e) evidence of replication to more than one study, group of researchers, or sites (D. S. Elliot, 1997;Flay et al, 2005;Pentz, 2003).…”