Evaluating the Effect of Horse Pursulane (Trianthema portulacastrum L.) Competition on Maize (Zea mays L.)

Ugalechumi, K.; Geethalakshmi, V.; Panneerselvam, S.; Chinnusamy, C.; Jeyakumar, P.; Chinnamuthu, C. R.

doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2018.706.133

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This indicates that to avoid the economic losses by horse purslane in summer grown soybean crop, it should be controlled efficiently until 40 DAE. These results are similar to the findings of Ugalechumi et al [ 37 ] who revealed that higher horse purslane density can reduce growth and development of crop plants. Overall, weed infestation was higher at 30 DAE during both the growing years.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

The impact of horse purslane (Trianthema portulacastrum L.) infestation on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] productivity in northern irrigated plains of Pakistan

Mubeen

Shehzad²,

Sarwar

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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Horse purslane (Trianthema portulacstrum L.) is an important weed of soybean crop capable of causing significant yield reduction. Therefore, this study assessed the impact of horse purslane and other weeds’ infestation on the productivity of soybean. Ten treatments, i.e., weed-free throughout the growing season, horse purslane-free till 20, 40 and 60 days after emergence (DAE), all weeds-free till 20, 40 and 60 DAE, weedy-check (excluding horse purslane), weedy-check (horse purslane alone) and weedy-check (all weeds) were included in the study. Data relating to density and dry weight of recorded weed species, and yield and related traits of soybean were recorded. Overall, infestation percentage of horse purslane was 33.10 and 51%, whereas dry weight was 12 and 44 g m-2 during 1st and 2nd year, respectively. The highest dry weight of all weed species was recorded at 45 DAE in weedy-check all weeds treatment during both years. The lowest relative density and frequency of horse purslane were recorded in the treatment where it was controlled until 20 DAE during 2018 at 30 DAE, whereas the same treatment recoded the lowest density of horse purslane at 45 DAE during 2019. The relative frequency of horse purslane was non-significant for weedy-check horse purslane and weedy-check all weeds treatments during 2018, whereas former treatment had higher relative frequency of horse purslane in weedy-check all weeds than the later during 2019. Yield and related traits significantly differed among different treatments used in the study. The treatment all weeds controlled until 40 DAE recorded higher number of pods per plant, 1000-seed weight and seed yield during both years. The yield reduction in weedy-check treatments was; weedy-check all weeds > weedy-check all weeds except horse purslane > weedy-check horse purslane only. It is concluded that horse purslane was not the sole weed interfering soybean fields and weed flora consisted of false amaranth [Digera muricata (L.) Mart.] and purple nut sedge (Cyperus rotundus L.). Hence, if the soybean fields in northern irrigated plains of Pakistan are infested with horse purslane or heavily infested with horse purslane or other weeds, these should be controlled in initial 40 DAE to improve soybean productivity.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

The impact of horse purslane (Trianthema portulacastrum L.) infestation on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] productivity in northern irrigated plains of Pakistan

Mubeen

Shehzad²,

Sarwar

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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“…The highest PI values for the various traits explain the higher responsiveness of T. portulacastrum to different environments, such as its ability to spread and grow under variable habitats in the FD [ 59 ]. In sum, its seeds have a greater reproductive capacity and dispersion potency, and can endure high soil temperatures [ 22 ]. Furthermore, various studies have revealed evidence of the impact of soil moisture, salinity, and drought stress on trait variations to facilitate plant invasion and adaptation to diverse habitats [ 35 , 60 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This species grows in several field crops, and is considered a major competitor for maize, cotton, mustard, soybeans, and some fruit trees. It was found to compete aggressively with soybeans, causing a reduction in the field productivity of 60%, and a reduction in the grain yield of 34% [ 22 , 23 ]. Trianthema portulacastrum is characterized by its facultative outcrossing, propagule pressure, high reproduction, huge seed bank, low dormancy, efficient seed dispersal, and thermotolerance [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was found to compete aggressively with soybeans, causing a reduction in the field productivity of 60%, and a reduction in the grain yield of 34% [ 22 , 23 ]. Trianthema portulacastrum is characterized by its facultative outcrossing, propagule pressure, high reproduction, huge seed bank, low dormancy, efficient seed dispersal, and thermotolerance [ 22 ]. All of these features support the spread, adaptability, and survival of this invasive weed in the face of climate change [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) has added T. portulacastrum to the organization’s Alert List for 2020 due to the potential economic losses caused by this species. Additionally, CABI placed it in the “Invasive Species Compendium”, designating it as a threat to the crops and livelihoods worldwide [ 22 ]. On the other hand, T. portulacastrum has been reported for its benefits as a traditional medicine and fodder in various parts of the world [ 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating the Phenotypic Plasticity of the Invasive Weed Trianthema portulacastrum L.

Fakhr

Mazrou

Ellmouni

et al. 2021

Plants

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Phenotypic plasticity is frequently highlighted as a key factor in plant invasiveness, as it enables invasive species to adapt to diverse, complicated habitats. Trianthema portulacastrum is one of the most common aggressive species that threaten different crops around the world. Phenotypic plasticity in T. portulacastrum was investigated by comparing variation in germination, vegetative macromorphology, photosynthetic pigments, stomatal complexes, and seed micromorphological traits of 35 samples collected from 35 different localities. One-way cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to classify samples into homogeneous groups based on the measured traits. Pairwise statistical comparisons were conducted between the three resulting groups. The phenotypic plasticity index (PI) was calculated and compared among different groups of characters. Results showed that photosynthetic pigments and macromorphological characteristics had the highest PI, followed by seed micromorphology, and then stomatal complex traits, while germination parameters showed the lowest PI. We propose that soil moisture, salinity, and temperature are the most determinative and explanative variables of the variation between the three classified groups. We strongly believe that the phenotypic plasticity of T. portulacastrum will support species abundance and spread even under expected changes in climatic conditions, in contrast to the vulnerable traditional crops.

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Interference of horse purslane (Trianthema portulacastrum L.) and other weeds affect yield of autumn planted maize (Zea mays L.)

Mubeen

Yonas

Khalofah

et al. 2021

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

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To assess comparative losses of Trianthema portulacastrum (HP) relative to other weeds, the experiment was set during consecutive summer seasons 2018 and 2019 at the Research Farm MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan. Experiment consisted three replications which were laid out under randomized complete block design. Experiment consisted of ten treatments viz: weeds free (whole season), HP free till 20 Days after emergence (DAE), HP free till 40 DAE, HP free till 60 DAE, all weeds free 20 DAE, all weeds free 40 DAE, all weeds free 60 DAE, weedy check (all weeds), weedy check except HP and weedy check containing only HP. During 2018 in all weeds weedy check, maximum HP relative density (33.33%) was observed while in 2019, plot where weeds were controlled from growing till 20 DAE showed (80%) relative density at 30 DAE. HP maximum frequency (66.67%, 77.78%) and relative frequency (66%, 100%) was recorded at 45 DAE in plots where HP was kept controlled till 20 DAE and all weeds kept controlled till 20 DAE, respectively. Maximum number of grains per cob (738, 700.68), 1000 grain weight (306.66, 271.51 g) and grain yield (6150, 8015 kg hec -1 ) were recorded in plots which were kept all weed free till 60 DAE. As the competition period of weeds increased over 40 DAE, it substantially reduced yield of maize. Keeping the plots HP free till 40 DAE in the maize fields with HP as the major dominating weed, likely increase in maize grain yield is up to 30% compared to the fields where HP left un attended throughout the growing season. However, if maize field is infested with a mix of weeds with more than one dominating weeds including HP, compared to weedy situation the whole season, 30% higher grain yield can be obtained if all weeds are kept controlled till 40 DAE. Hence it can be concluded that whether the farmers face heavy HP infestation only or the mix of weeds as dominating weeds, in either case farmer should control weeds within first 40 days in maize field for better grain yield.

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Evaluating the Effect of Horse Pursulane (Trianthema portulacastrum L.) Competition on Maize (Zea mays L.)

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

The impact of horse purslane (Trianthema portulacastrum L.) infestation on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] productivity in northern irrigated plains of Pakistan

The impact of horse purslane (Trianthema portulacastrum L.) infestation on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] productivity in northern irrigated plains of Pakistan

Investigating the Phenotypic Plasticity of the Invasive Weed Trianthema portulacastrum L.

Interference of horse purslane (Trianthema portulacastrum L.) and other weeds affect yield of autumn planted maize (Zea mays L.)

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