Evaluating the economic burden of psoriasis in the United States

Metformin inhibits pro‐inflammatory responses via targeting nuclear factor‐κB in HaCaT cells

“…17 Emerging evidence suggests that psoriasis is associated with depression, arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and cardiovascular disease. 19 Abnormally excessive and rapid growth of the keratinocytes accounts for the skin lesion of psoriasis. 19 Abnormally excessive and rapid growth of the keratinocytes accounts for the skin lesion of psoriasis.…”

Secukinumab significantly reduces psoriasis‐related work impairment and indirect costs compared with ustekinumab and etanercept in the United Kingdom

“…3,4 Individuals of working age are generally affected by the disease, 5 and individuals with psoriasis are significantly more likely than those without to miss work for health-related reasons and to experience impaired productivity while at work. 7 The Psoriasis Activity and Severity Index (PASI), the gold standard for measuring disease severity, is a clinician-reported weighted measure of the average redness, thickness and scaliness of psoriasis lesions. 7 The Psoriasis Activity and Severity Index (PASI), the gold standard for measuring disease severity, is a clinician-reported weighted measure of the average redness, thickness and scaliness of psoriasis lesions.…”

Increased risk of migraine in patients with psoriasis: A Danish nationwide cohort study

“…2,3 In addition to the direct medical costs as a result of treatment of the disease, patients with psoriasis often experience loss of work productivity and sick days, and frequently experience significant impairment of their physical, psychological, and social functioning. 3,4 Migraine is a chronic intermittent neurovascular pain disorder with increasing prevalence, currently affecting more than 12% of the Danish population. 5 Although the exact origin is not fully understood, migraine has been attributed to episodes of local sterile meningeal inflammation and hypersensitization of pain pathways, and proinflammatory mediators that contribute to the pathogenesis of psoriasis, such as tumor necrosis factor-alfa, can promote migraine, eg, by sensitization of meningeal nociceptors and peripheral nerve endings through activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases, and increased dural mechanosensitivity.…”