Evaluating the biomechanical effects of implant diameter in case of facial trauma to an edentulous atrophic mandible: a 3D finite element analysis

Abstract

BackgroundRehabilitation using an implant supported overdenture with two implants inserted in the interforaminal region is the easiest and currently accepted treatment modality to increase prosthetic stabilization and patient satisfaction in edentulous patients. The insertion of implants to the weakend mandibular bone decreases the strength of the bone and may lead to fractures either during or after implant placement. The aim of this three dimensional finite element analysis (3D FEA) study was to evaluate the biomechanical effects of implant diameter in case of facial trauma (2000 N) to an edentulous atrophic mandible with two implant supported overdenture.MethodsThree 3D FEA models were simulated; Model 1 (M1) is edentulous atrophic mandible, Model 2 (M2), 3.5x11.5 mm implants were inserted into lateral incisors area of same edentulous atrophic mandible, Model 3 (M3), 4.3x11.5 mm implants were inserted into lateral incisors area of same edentulous atrophic mandible.ResultsIn M1 and M2 highest stress levels were observed in condylar neck, whereas highest stress values in M3 were calculated in symphyseal area.ConclusionsTo reduce the risk of bone fracture and to preserve biomechanical behavior of the atrophic mandible from frontal traumatic loads, implants should be inserted monocortically into spongious bone of lateral incisors area.

Edentulous mandible with four splinted interforaminal implants exposed to three different situations of trauma: A preliminary three‐dimensional finite element analysis

“…12,[17][18][19] However, only scarce information is available on the evaluation of trauma in patients with dental implants. 20,21 Kan et al 20 and Ayali and Bilginayler 21 investigated unsplinted implants exposed to traumatic situations using finite element analysis. According to their findings, a more beneficial stress modulation was found for implants placed in the lateral incisor region than for those in canine regions when frontal trauma occurred.…”

“…According to their findings, a more beneficial stress modulation was found for implants placed in the lateral incisor region than for those in canine regions when frontal trauma occurred. 20,21 As only a few studies on trauma exposure in the edentulous jaw have been published, they are primarily experimental studies that are used for evaluation. [20][21][22][23][24] Finite Element Analysis (FEA) has become widely accepted as it features a non-invasive tool that provides valuable results for estimating different parameters of the complex biomechanical behavior of the mandible.…”

“…20,21 As only a few studies on trauma exposure in the edentulous jaw have been published, they are primarily experimental studies that are used for evaluation. [20][21][22][23][24] Finite Element Analysis (FEA) has become widely accepted as it features a non-invasive tool that provides valuable results for estimating different parameters of the complex biomechanical behavior of the mandible. [22][23][24] De Santos et al 23 used FEA to evaluate the edentulous mandible without dental implants and with application of frontal and/or lateral forces, and they found the main stress values were in the mandibular neck region and in all regions of force application.…”

Atrophic jaw fracture and predictability in oral rehabilitation: case report

“…Also, in fractures of the atrophic jaw it is possible to use or not graft in the lines of fracture [6] However, when using the 2.4 mm system reconstruction plates, the graft becomes an option, not being extremely necessary [7,8] In this case, the good stability and the good surface bone contact obtained in the fractured with the reconstruction plate, allows to don't use the bone grafts.…”

“…Rehabilitation with dental implants becomes a complex and limited procedure. Among the options most discussed in the literature, two treatment options can be highlighted: the short implants or conventional implants associated with the installation of a reconstruction plate for mandibular reinforcement [7,8].…”