“…(i) Previous research has only dealt with one or two aspects of sustainability, and few have included all three dimensions in the supply chain [21][22][23][24]. To the best of our knowledge, only Xu et al have proposed a model for a multiobjective SCND problem in a liquor company from an economic perspective [25] (ii) As measure indices for carbon emissions and the associated social impacts are insufficient for the sustainable supply chain, there is an urgent need to construct a model that can achieve a triple-bottom-line (economic, environmental, and social dimensions) sustainable supply chain network design for the Baijiu industry [21,26] (iii) Few papers have focused on the Baijiu industry from a supply chain perspective [25], with most having focused on product (Luzhou liquor, Fen liquor, and Moutai liquor) [2,4,5,27], production techniques (Daqu, starter, pit mud, and microbiological methods) [1-3, 6, 28], production processes (fermentation, distillation, and maturation) [3], or waste techniques (waste water and vinasses) [10]. To fully examine the sustainable development of Baijiu, it is necessary to establish a network design for sustainable supply chain management in the Baijiu industry [21,25] (iv) The most common network design method has been CPLEX in supply chain management [16,18,29,30].…”