Evaluating Sealing Efficiency of Caprocks for CO<sub>2</sub>Storage: an Overview of the Geocarbone-Integrity Program and Results

Fleury, Marc; Pironon, Jacques; Nindre, Yves-Michel Le; Bildstein, Olivier; Berne, P.; Lagneau, Vincent; Pichery, T.; Fillacier, S.; Lescanne, Marc; Vidal, Olivier

doi:10.2516/ogst/2010007

Cited by 35 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…To assure long-term CO2 storage, the host basin must be considerably large and the caprock must possess a good sealing capacity [55]. Fleury et al [56] defined a caprock as a low-to very low-permeability formation above the CO2 storage formation, in which no CO2 migration should occur. This low-permeability caprock is essential to prevent CO2 from migrating out of the storage reservoir, and minimising the CO2 leakage.…”

Section: Saline Aquifersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of developments in carbon dioxide storage

et al. 2017

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Carbon capture and storage (CCS) has been identified as an urgent, strategic and essential approach to reduce anthropogenic CO2 emissions, and mitigate the severe consequences of climate change. CO2 storage is the last step in the CCS chain and can be implemented mainly through oceanic and underground geological sequestration, and mineral carbonation. This review paper aims to provide state-of-the-art developments in CO2 storage. The review initially discussed the potential options for CO2 storage by highlighting the present status, current challenges and uncertainties associated with further deployment of established approaches (such as storage in saline aquifers and depleted oil and gas reservoirs) and feasibility demonstration of relatively newer storage concepts (such as hydrate storage and CO2-based enhanced geothermal systems). The second part of the review outlined the critical criteria that are necessary for storage site selection, including geological, geothermal, geohazards, hydrodynamic, basin maturity, and economic, societal and environmental factors. In the third section, the focus was on identification of CO2 behaviour within the reservoir during and after injection, namely injection-induced seismicity, potential leakage pathways, and long-term containment complexities associated with CO2-brine-rock interaction. In addition, a detailed review on storage capacity estimation methods based on different geological media and trapping mechanisms was provided. Finally, an overview of major CO2 storage projects, including their overall outcomes, were outlined. This review indicates that although CO2 storage is a technically proven strategy, the discussed challenges need to be addressed in order to accelerate the deployment of the technology. In addition, beside the necessity of technoeconomic aspects, public acceptance of CO2 storage plays a central role in technology deployment, and the current ethical mechanisms need to be further improved.

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Section: Saline Aquifersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of developments in carbon dioxide storage

et al. 2017

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“…When exposed to water, anhydrite converts to gypsum (CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O) . Thus, the characterization of caprock is crucial for the sealing efficiency for gas storage in geological formations. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capillary Sealing Efficiency Analysis of Caprocks: Implication for Hydrogen Geological Storage

et al. 2022

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In hydrogen geological storage, capillary sealing efficiency analysis of caprocks is very important for containment security. In this work, the H2 wettabilities of three shales and one evaporite under various pressures (0.1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 MPa), temperatures (298 and 353 K), and organic acid concentrations (10–9 to 10–2 mol/L) were measured using the tilted plate method, and their effects on the capillary sealing efficiency of the caprocks were analyzed. Furthermore, two oil shales were tested to see the effect of their total organic content (TOC) on the wettability at two different pressure (5 and 15 MPa) and temperature (323 and 353 K) values since the TOC dramatically varies in shales and can significantly influence the wetting characteristics and, thus, the sealing efficiency. The results of this study indicate that the H2 wettability of the caprocks increased with pressure, organic acid concentration, and TOC but decreased with temperature. However, the sealing efficiency and H2 column height of the caprocks decreased with all the varying parameters but increased with temperature for oil shales. Furthermore, small pore sizes (i.e., r = 5 nm as a typical value for this study) and evaporites (e.g., gypsum) have the most efficient conditions for sealing for increased storage capacity. Overall, this work provides a deep understanding of the sealing efficiency of caprocks, which will aid in the successful implementation of hydrogen geo-storage and its associated structural trapping capacities.

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“…While hydrocarbon seals are sediments or rocks with a high capillary breakthrough pressure, seals used for CO 2 storage are rocks capable of maintaining sealing despite geomechanical, geochemical, and hydrogeological influences . Hence, the breakthrough pressure alone cannot be used to deduce poor CO 2 seal capacity because of time and space limitations on CO 2 migration . Furthermore, since the impact of fractures on seal integrity is inhibited by a high clay content and carbonate dissolution, and swell clay interaction with CO 2 has been noted to improve seal integrity, pore connectivity obtained from spontaneous imbibition with deionized water should not be solely considered during CO 2 seal capacity analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…78 Hence, the breakthrough alone cannot be used to deduce poor CO 2 seal capacity because of time and space limitations on CO 2 migration. 79 Furthermore, since the impact of fractures on seal integrity is inhibited by a high clay content and carbonate dissolution, 80 and swell clay interaction with CO 2 has been noted to improve seal integrity, 81 pore connectivity obtained from spontaneous imbibition with deionized water should not be solely considered during CO 2 seal capacity analysis. These deductions all imply that a seal could be termed as suitable for hydrocarbon sealing via high breakthrough pressure and low pore connectivity, while being termed unsuitable for CO 2 storage if geochemical interactions are considered in its seal capacity analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pore Structure and Seal Capacity of Ilaro Formation Shales in the Eastern Dahomey Basin: Implications from Mercury Injection Capillary Pressure and Spontaneous Imbibition Analyses

Ukaomah

Zhang

et al. 2021

Energy Fuels

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A petrophysical evaluation of caprock pore characteristics and seal capacity is critical for geologic storage of CO 2 . In this study, integration of X-ray diffraction, mercury injection capillary pressure (MICP), and spontaneous imbibition analyses is used to evaluate the pore characteristics and seal capacity of shale samples from the Ilaro formation, which could serve as a seal for CO 2 injected into the reservoir units of the eastern Dahomey basin. X-ray diffraction reveals the samples as clay-rich and early diagenetic, while spontaneous imbibition reveals pore connectivity heterogeneity. MICP analysis shows the samples as being characterized by a low breakthrough pressure and reveals the mesopore dominance with majority of pore volumes dominated by 5 to 10 nmsized pore throats. Furthermore, high CO 2 column heights are obtained from conversion of MICP data (at 20% saturation) for mesopore-dominated samples containing ankerite and kaolinite. The study reveals that should injected CO 2 migrate upward from the reservoir units of the onshore eastern Dahomey basin, portions of the Ilaro formation may function as a good seal due to the mesopore mineralogical composition influence on the CO 2 −brine−rock interaction. This result should therefore serve as an important insight for future caprock sealing studies conducted on the onshore eastern Dahomey basin.

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Evaluating Sealing Efficiency of Caprocks for CO₂Storage: an Overview of the Geocarbone-Integrity Program and Results

Cited by 35 publications

References 16 publications

A review of developments in carbon dioxide storage

A review of developments in carbon dioxide storage

Capillary Sealing Efficiency Analysis of Caprocks: Implication for Hydrogen Geological Storage

Pore Structure and Seal Capacity of Ilaro Formation Shales in the Eastern Dahomey Basin: Implications from Mercury Injection Capillary Pressure and Spontaneous Imbibition Analyses

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Evaluating Sealing Efficiency of Caprocks for CO2Storage: an Overview of the Geocarbone-Integrity Program and Results

Cited by 35 publications

References 16 publications

A review of developments in carbon dioxide storage

A review of developments in carbon dioxide storage

Capillary Sealing Efficiency Analysis of Caprocks: Implication for Hydrogen Geological Storage

Pore Structure and Seal Capacity of Ilaro Formation Shales in the Eastern Dahomey Basin: Implications from Mercury Injection Capillary Pressure and Spontaneous Imbibition Analyses

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Evaluating Sealing Efficiency of Caprocks for CO₂Storage: an Overview of the Geocarbone-Integrity Program and Results