Evaluating polymeric biomaterials to improve next generation wound dressing design

Abstract

Wound healing is a dynamic series of interconnected events with the ultimate goal of promoting neotissue formation and restoration of anatomical function. Yet, the complexity of wound healing can often result in development of complex, chronic wounds, which currently results in a significant strain and burden to our healthcare system. The advancement of new and effective wound care therapies remains a critical issue, with the current therapeutic modalities often remaining inadequate. Notably, the field of tissue engineering has grown significantly in the last several years, in part, due to the diverse properties and applications of polymeric biomaterials. The interdisciplinary cohesion of the chemical, biological, physical, and material sciences is pertinent to advancing our current understanding of biomaterials and generating new wound care modalities. However, there is still room for closing the gap between the clinical and material science realms in order to more effectively develop novel wound care therapies that aid in the treatment of complex wounds. Thus, in this review, we discuss key material science principles in the context of polymeric biomaterials, provide a clinical breadth to discuss how these properties affect wound dressing design, and the role of polymeric biomaterials in the innovation and design of the next generation of wound dressings.

Tissue‐mimetic culture enhances mesenchymal stem cell secretome capacity to improve regenerative activity of keratinocytes and fibroblasts in vitro

“…ASCs at 'P2' were either continuously subcultured in a T-150 culture flask until 'P5', or seeded at a standardised density of $5000-cells/cm 2 EX-630/40, EM-700/75) and 20Â objective (Olympus; UPlanSApo, 0.75NA). ASC 'stem-like' phenotypic characterisation was carried out in biological quadruplicate (n = 4), with a total of up to ten (10) field of view images taken per biological replicate (2D = per well, 3D = per hydrogel), to achieve up to forty (40) total measured values for each group. The ten (10) technical replicates were averaged for each replicate for statistical analysis.…”

“…However, the role of a tissue‐mimetic hydrogel culture system in augmenting the MSC secretory response is still under investigation. These observations have prompted a new age of MSC and MSC‐derived acellular biologic therapies and adjuvants as a means to modulate the regenerative bioactivity of already utilised wound therapy modalities, in order to further promote tissue genesis and restores tissue function 40 …”

“…These observations have prompted a new age of MSC and MSC-derived acellular biologic therapies and adjuvants as a means to modulate the regenerative bioactivity of already utilised wound therapy modalities, in order to further promote tissue genesis and restores tissue function. 40 Wound healing is a broad classification for the highly complex series of synchronised signalling events that occur in the setting of tissue damage. 41,42 Two important cell populations involved with wound healing are Keratinocytes (KCs) and Fibroblasts (FBs).…”

Analysis of diffusion of plant metabolites from polyethylene glycol hydrogels using free volume theory

“…Hence, it can be inferred that the higher molecular weight of the hydrogel would eventually result in wider mesh size of the network. 50 The molecular weight of the PEG hydrogel has been shown to have a linear relationship with both M c and j in an earlier study. 51 A linear relationship has not been obtained in the low molecular weight range of 0-8000 g/mol which may be attributed to the difference in the bulk densities of various molecular weights of the PEG hydrogels.…”

H2O2-PLA-(Alg)2Ca Hydrogel Enriched in Matrigel® Promotes Diabetic Wound Healing

“…Porosity represents an essential aspect that must be addressed when designing and fabricating functional wound dressings. The intrinsic porosity of polymer-based hydrogels is beneficial for providing biomechanical support, nutrient transport, and moisture retention while mimicking the natural local microenvironment and promoting cell ingrowth and migration, and later reparative/regenerative events, finally leading to structural and functional restoration [ 91 , 92 ]. The alginate hydrogels developed herein exhibited a favorable interconnected porous structure, with pores in the micrometric range (average pore size of 79.72 ± 2.12 and 110.25 ± 6.15 µm for HG and HG_OMs, respectively) ( Figure 4 and Figure 5 ).…”