Evaluating natural compounds as potential insecticides against three economically important pests, Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), and Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae), on greenhouse sweet peppers

Abstract

Sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the major export crops in the Republic of Korea. Currently, synthetic insecticides are frequently used to control major greenhouse pests including Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae), and Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in Korea. However, the repeated use of chemicals has caused insecticide resistance to be developed by pests. Therefore, there is a growing demand to develop biopesticides that have high insecticidal effects but little adverse impacts to crops and nontarget organisms. In this study, three natural compounds were investigated for insecticidal effects against three pests, B. tabaci, M. persicae, and F. occidentalis, and nontarget effects to a pollinator, Bombus terrestris (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in laboratory. The three natural compounds, named JP503, G.sol Ò , and NO40, were an extract from Perilla frutescens var. crispa with phytoncide essential oil from pine tree, a commercialized disinfectant solution, and a type of nitric oxide in aqueous solution. Among these compounds, JP503 showed high and acute insecticidal effects on all of the three pests causing 100% mortality in 3 h. In addition, this compound resulted in the same level of acute lethality to the pollinator. Moreover, JP503 caused significant leaf damage when applied to sweet pepper plants in greenhouse conditions. The results indicate that the candidate compound would have limited potential for wide application to cash crop such as sweet peppers. Therefore, it is recommended that JP503 be used only in a site-specific manner such as applications to trap crops, barrier crops, or wild hosts adjacent to cash crop fields. Keywords Bioassay Á Biopesticide Á Bumble bee Á Green peach aphid Á Sweetpotato whitefly Á Western flower thrips

Nitric Oxide Boosts Bemisia tabaci Performance Through the Suppression of Jasmonic Acid Signaling Pathway in Tobacco Plants

“…Consistent with the effect of cPTIO treatment, silencing of NOA1 significantly decreased the production of NO, thus enhancing tobacco's resistance to B. tabaci. In line with our results, B. tabaci performance is somewhat increased in sweet pepper after the application of NO aqueous solution (Kim et al, 2018). Wünsche et al (2011a) found that the irNaNOA1 tobacco plants with lower NO contents are more resistant to M. sexta (Wünsche et al, 2011a).…”

“…As a crucial signaling molecule, NO has been associated with the induced plant defensive response to phloem feeder stress. For instance, foliar treatment with NO donors induced defense reactions against the pea aphid, A. pisum, and the green peach aphid, M. persicae, in pea and sweet pepper plants (Woźniak et al, 2017;Kim et al, 2018). In our bioassay, exogenous NO donor SNP treatment significantly increased the oviposition preference of whitefly adults and accelerated the nymphal development in tobacco plants.…”

Assessment of potential effects and detection efficacy of a fluorescent marking system on a medically important hard tick,Haemaphysalis longicornis(Acari: Ixodidae)

“…Previous studies have shown that fluorescent marking does not negatively affect multiple organisms . However, caution is warranted when applying this method to different organisms as chemical application may have distinct effects . Indeed, Reid and Reid have found that fluorescent marking can induce a faster mass loss in Dendroctonus ponderosae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) compared to unmarked individuals.…”

Evaluating the efficacy of two insect detection methods with Riptortus pedestris (Hemiptera: Alydidae): portable harmonic radar system and fluorescent marking system

“…13,14,31 Nevertheless, although the results by Rice et al 33 suggest the effectiveness of a handheld laser among the other detection devices on fluorescent-marked insects, whether the method was viable in detecting living insects, especially Riptortus pedestris, was not provided because the experiment was conducted with dead H. halys samples. The response of insects to chemicals may vary respective of the compounds and the application method, 49 and likewise, the effect of the fluorescent marking on a living organism varies with the species of the insect and the method used to mark the insect. However, the effect of the spraying method on Riptortus pedestris was not tested previously.…”