Evaluating hydrography, circulation and transport in a coastal archipelago using a high-resolution 3D hydrodynamic model

Tuomi, Laura; Miettunen, Elina; Alenius, Pekka; Myrberg, Kai

doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2017.12.006

Cited by 16 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The highest winds are typically from the southwest. This, together with the geometry of the archipelago and surplus of fresh water from the Gulf of Bothnia, favours north-south transport through the Archipelago Sea as shown by, for example, Tuomi et al (2018). The surface salinity in this area varies from 4 g/kg in the inner archipelago to 6 g/kg in the outer archipelago.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

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Water exchange between the inner and outer archipelago areas of the Finnish Archipelago Sea in the Baltic Sea

2020

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We studied the water age and transport of passive tracers in the Archipelago Sea, Baltic Sea, using the COHERENS 3D hydrodynamic model and the OpenDrift Lagrangian particle model. The mean water age, which was calculated with COHERENS over a period of 6 years, varied between 1 and 3 months in the outer archipelago and between 3 and 6 months in the middle archipelago. The water age was highest in the inner archipelago, up to 7 months. As the density stratification is weak in large parts of this area, except for the seasonal thermocline, significant differences in the water age between the surface and bottom layers were seen only in the river mouths and in the deep channels of the middle archipelago. The Lagrangian particle simulations showed that the middle archipelago is more open towards the north than south. From the northern boundary, the Bothnian Sea, the largest transport to the middle archipelago occurred with NW winds. Due to the geometry and density of the islands in the area, the prevailing wind direction, SW, alone is not optimal for transporting tracer particles to the middle archipelago. From the southern boundary, the Baltic Proper, transport to the middle archipelago occurred mainly with SE winds and during events when the wind direction shifted from SW to SE or vice versa. The transport further into the inner archipelago was limited to only a few cases, indicating that the inner archipelago is fairly sheltered from transport from the outer archipelago.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…In autumn, the thermocline is eroded by cooling and wind-induced mixing. The current speeds in the outer archipelago are higher than those in the middle or inner archipelago (Tuomi et al 2018). However, in certain conditions, stronger currents can occur also in the channels of the middle archipelago.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Water exchange between the inner and outer archipelago areas of the Finnish Archipelago Sea in the Baltic Sea

2020

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“…In contrast, in sea areas where water movement patterns are fluctuating, weak, stochastic or without much direction, such as in complex reef areas (Andutta et al 2012) then directional currents will have a relatively smaller effect for metapopulation persistence. This is likely to be the case also in complex archipelagos, such as those in the northern Baltic Sea, where species niches are fragmented (Virtanen et al 2018), currents variable and depend on short-term variation in wind direction and air pressure (Tuomi et al 2018). In such areas, other parameters, such as habitat quality and productivity, probably override vague connectivity effects ( Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Marine connectivity in spatial conservation planning: analogues from the terrestrial realm

2020

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Context Spatial prioritization is an analytical approach that can be used to provide decision support in spatial conservation planning (SCP), and in tasks such as conservation area network design, zoning, planning for impact avoidance or targeting of habitat management or restoration. Methods Based on literature, we summarize the role of connectivity as one component of relevance in the broad structure of spatial prioritization in both marine and terrestrial realms. Results Partially diffuse, directed connectivity can be approximated in Zonation-based multi-criteria SCP by applying hydrodynamic modelling, knowledge on Keywords Marine connectivity Á Ecosystem services Á Systematic conservation planning Á Marine spatial planning Á Zonation software Elina A. Virtanen and Atte Moilanen are shared first authors.

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“…This is the period from which there are synoptic observations available at three-hour intervals. We chose Utö data for this analysis as it has longer temporal coverage than Isokari and has been earlier used in oceanographic studies by e.g., [5,22]. While contemplating the following results, one should note that Utö is not the most representative station for winds from the northerly sector, and the directional distribution measured there differs from actual winds experienced in northern parts of the Archipelago Sea.…”

Section: Occurrence Of Winds From Favourable Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Strong Currents at a Fairway in the Finnish Archipelago Sea

Kanarik

Tuomi

Alenius

et al. 2018

JMSE

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Safe navigation in complex archipelagos requires knowledge and understanding of oceanographic conditions in the fairways. We have studied oceanographic conditions and their relation to weather in a crossing in the Finnish archipelago, which is known to have events when strong currents affect marine traffic. Our main dataset is ADCP (Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler) current measurements, done in the cross section of five months in 2013. We found that the local currents flow mainly to two directions, either to north-northeast (NNE) or to south-southwest (SSW), which is nearly perpendicular to the deepest fairway in the area. The mean value of the currents in the surface layer was 0.087 ms - 1 , but during the high wind situations, the current speed rose over 0.4 ms - 1 . These strong currents were also shown, according to AIS (Automatic Identification System) data, to cause drift of the vessels passing the cross section, though the effect of wind and current to the ship may sometimes be hard to separate. We studied whether the strong currents could be predicted from routine observations of wind and sea level available in the area, and we found that prediction of these currents is possible to some extent. We also found that winds of over 10 ms - 1 blowing from NW (300 ∘ –350 ∘ ) and SE (135 ∘ –180 ∘ ) generated strong currents of over 0.2 ms - 1 , whereas most commonly measured winds from SW (190 ∘ –275 ∘ ) did not generate currents even with winds as high as 15 ms - 1 .

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Evaluating hydrography, circulation and transport in a coastal archipelago using a high-resolution 3D hydrodynamic model

Cited by 16 publications

References 18 publications

Water exchange between the inner and outer archipelago areas of the Finnish Archipelago Sea in the Baltic Sea

Water exchange between the inner and outer archipelago areas of the Finnish Archipelago Sea in the Baltic Sea

Marine connectivity in spatial conservation planning: analogues from the terrestrial realm

Evaluating Strong Currents at a Fairway in the Finnish Archipelago Sea

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