Evaluating gender similarities and differences using metasynthesis.

Zell, Ethan; Križan, Zlatan; Teeter, Sabrina R.

doi:10.1037/a0038208

Cited by 348 publications

(307 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…Controlling for sex differences or ignoring potential sex differences in FEP tasks, as well as other tasks that may be related to functioning and symptoms in schizophrenia, is limiting our ability to uncover potentially important differences between men and women with schizophrenia, such as why women with schizophrenia overall show better functioning and less severe negative symptoms when compared to men. Finally, while the magnitude of sex differences in FEP may be small, a recent meta-synthesis of 106 meta-analyses of sex differences in nonclinical populations found that the effect sizes for all sorts of sex differences are typically relatively small, suggesting that men and women are more similar than dissimilar on a variety of psychological outcomes [88] . However, the authors cautioned that although such differences "are typically small, they should not be regarded as trivial, as even small effects can have important everyday consequences" (p. 17) [88] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, while the magnitude of sex differences in FEP may be small, a recent meta-synthesis of 106 meta-analyses of sex differences in nonclinical populations found that the effect sizes for all sorts of sex differences are typically relatively small, suggesting that men and women are more similar than dissimilar on a variety of psychological outcomes [88] . However, the authors cautioned that although such differences "are typically small, they should not be regarded as trivial, as even small effects can have important everyday consequences" (p. 17) [88] . Thus, it may well prove fruitful to continue to study the relationship between FEP and sex across the schizophrenia spectrum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Facial emotion perception in schizophrenia: Does sex matter?

Mote

Kring

2016

WJP

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AIM:To review the literature on sex differences in facial emotion perception (FEP) across the schizophrenia spectrum. METHODS:We conducted a systematic review of empirical articles that were included in five separate meta-analyses of FEP across the schizophrenia spectrum, including meta-analyses that predominantly examined adults with chronic schizophrenia, people with early (onset prior to age 18) or recent-onset (experiencing their first or second psychotic episode or illness duration less than 2 years) schizophrenia, and unaffected first-degree relatives of people with schizophrenia. We also examined articles written in English (from November 2011 through June 2015) that were not included in the aforementioned metaanalyses through a literature search in the PubMed database. All relevant articles were accessed in full text. We examined all studies to determine the sample sizes, diagnostic characteristics, demographic information, methodologies, results, and whether each individual study reported on sex differences. The results from the meta-analyses themselves as well as the individual studies are reported in tables and text. RESULTS:We retrieved 134 articles included in five separate meta-analyses and the PubMed database that examined FEP across the schizophrenia spectrum. Of these articles, 38 examined sex differences in FEP. Thirty of these studies did not find sex differences in FEP in either chronically ill adults with schizophrenia, early-onset or recently diagnosed people with schizophrenia, or first-degree relatives of people with schizophrenia. Of the eight studies that found sex differences in FEP, three found that chronically ill women outperformed men, one study found that girls with early-onset schizophrenia outperformed boys, and two studies found that women (including first-degree relatives, adults with schizophrenia, and the healthy control group) outperformed men on FEP tasks. In total, six of the eight studies that examined sex differences in FEP found that women outperformed men across the SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS Core tip: People with schizophrenia exhibit deficits in facial emotion perception (FEP) compared to healthy controls. These deficits are associated with poorer functioning and more severe symptoms. Although the literature to date suggests that there are few sex differences in FEP in schizophrenia, continued assessment of sex differences in FEP can help researchers and clinicians better understand other sex differences in the disorder and assist in treatment development aimed at improving functioning in people with schizophrenia. This review summarizes and critically evaluates the literature on FEP across the schizophrenia spectrum, focusing on the evidence related to sex differences in FEP.Mote J, Kring AM. Facial emotion perception in schizophrenia: Does sex matter? World J Psychiatr 2016; 6(2): 257-268

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facial emotion perception in schizophrenia: Does sex matter?

Mote

Kring

2016

WJP

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“…Innumerable studies looking at gender differences have been conducted in relation to a myriad of variables, ranging from driving (e.g., Zhang et al 2011) to the experience of emotions (e.g., Else-Quest et al 2012) and political preferences (e.g., Condon and Wichowsky 2015; for general overviews on gender differences see Hyde 2014, andZell et al 2015). Gender differences have also aroused the interest of scientometricians, who wish to know how similar or dissimilar men and women are regarding their scientific productivity (e.g., Larivière et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are there gender differences among researchers from industrial/organizational psychology?

et al. 2015

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Questions about gender differences in the workplace usually attract much attention-but often generate more heat than light. To examine gender differences in several facets of scientific productivity and impact, a quantitative, scientometric approach is employed. Analyzing a sample of industrial and organizational psychologists (N authors = 4234; N publications = 46,656), this study raises both questions and concerns about gender differences in research, by showing that female and male I-O psychologists differ with regard to publication output (fewer publications authored by female researchers), impact (heterogeneous, indicator-dependent gender differences), their publication career courses (male researchers' periods of active publishing last longer and show longer interruptions), and research interests (only marginal gender differences). In order to get a glimpse of future developments, we repeated all analyses with the student subsample and found nearly no gender differences, suggesting a more gender-balanced future. Thus, this study gives an overview over the status quo of gender differences in an entire psychological sub-discipline. Future research will have to examine whether these gender differences are volitional in nature or the manifestation of external constraints.

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“…This second data file (Table S1) was used to estimate overlapping samples, similar to Zell, Krizan and Teeter (47). That is, meta-analyses were excluded if they were replaced by more recent metaanalyses addressing the same research question or covering the same topic or if they analysed only a subset of studies of another meta-analysis.…”

Section: Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interventions aimed at preventing and reducing overweight/obesity among children and adolescents: a meta-synthesis

Kobes¹,

Kretschmer²,

Timmerman³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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The prevalence of childhood and adolescent obesity has been a major worldwide problem for decades. To stop the number of children and adolescents with overweight or obesity from increasing, numerous interventions focusing on improving children’s weight status have been designed and implemented. This vastly growing body of research on weight-related interventions for children and adolescents has been summarized by several meta-analyses that aim to provide an overview of the effectiveness of these interventions. Yet, the number of meta-analyses is expanding so quickly and overall results differ, making a comprehensive synopsis of the literature difficult. To tackle this problem, a meta- synthesis was conducted to draw informed conclusions about the state of the effectiveness of interventions targeting child and adolescent overweight. The results of the quantitative synthesis of 26 meta-analyses resulted in a standardized mean difference of -0.12 (95%CI: -0.16;-0.08). Several moderator analyses (e.g., gender, age, duration of the intervention, parental involvement) showed that participant and intervention characteristics had little impact on the overall effect size. Overall, the results of this meta-synthesis suggest that interventions result in statistically significant effects albeit of relatively little clinical relevance.

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Evaluating gender similarities and differences using metasynthesis.

Cited by 348 publications

References 126 publications

Facial emotion perception in schizophrenia: Does sex matter?

Facial emotion perception in schizophrenia: Does sex matter?

Are there gender differences among researchers from industrial/organizational psychology?

Interventions aimed at preventing and reducing overweight/obesity among children and adolescents: a meta-synthesis

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