Evaluating fluorescence spectroscopy as a tool to characterize cyanobacteria intracellular organic matter upon simulated release and oxidation in natural water

Korak, Julie A.; Wert, Eric C.; Rosario‐Ortiz, Fernando L.

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2014.09.046

Water Research

2015

DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.09.046

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Evaluating fluorescence spectroscopy as a tool to characterize cyanobacteria intracellular organic matter upon simulated release and oxidation in natural water

Julie A. Korak

Eric C. Wert

Fernando L. Rosario‐Ortiz

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Cited by 71 publications

(55 citation statements)

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“…At some water treatment plants, oxidants are applied prior to coagulation to meet treatment objectives such as controlling invasive species (e.g., zebra or quagga mussels) or dissolved metals. This process, known as preoxidation, has the potential to release cell‐bound metabolites and disinfection by‐product (DBP) precursors contained in the intracellular organic matter (IOM) of cyanobacteria (Wert et al 2014, 2013, Wert & Rosario‐Ortiz 2013, Zamyadi et al 2012a, Ding et al 2010, Latifi et al 2009). Detecting IOM release by measuring dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is difficult because the increase in DOC can be small compared with instrument sensitivity (Wert et al 2014).…”

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“…This process, known as preoxidation, has the potential to release cell‐bound metabolites and disinfection by‐product (DBP) precursors contained in the intracellular organic matter (IOM) of cyanobacteria (Wert et al 2014, 2013, Wert & Rosario‐Ortiz 2013, Zamyadi et al 2012a, Ding et al 2010, Latifi et al 2009). Detecting IOM release by measuring dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is difficult because the increase in DOC can be small compared with instrument sensitivity (Wert et al 2014). A rapid, online monitoring tool that can act as a qualitative, early‐warning indicator of IOM and potential metabolite release within a treatment plant could be beneficial to utility professionals who are concerned about operating preoxidation processes during periods of cyanobacterial blooms.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…It has unique fluorescence properties that are potential surrogates for IOM released in water treatment plants. Previous research by Korak et al (2015) identified four fluorescence characteristics that are common among three strains of cyanobacteria: Microcystis aeruginosa (MA), Oscillatoria sp . (OSC), and Lyngbya sp .…”

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“…(LYG). IOM from these cyanobacteria exhibit strong protein‐like fluorescence, a fluorescence emission which FDOM sensors measure, a high FI (>2), and strong phycocyanin fluorescence (Korak et al 2015, Li et al 2012, Fang et al 2010, Ziegmann et al 2010, Henderson et al 2008). Two potential candidates were eliminated as surrogates for IOM release.…”

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“…Our research group previously investigated the release of IOM and metabolites from the aforementioned three cyanobacteria as a result of exposure to four oxidants—ozone (O 3 ), chlorine dioxide (ClO 2 ), monochloramine (NH 2 Cl), and free chlorine (Korak et al 2015; Wert et al 2014, 2013). Flow cytometry demonstrated that cell damage often occurs without cell lysis or fragmentation because the total particle count is relatively constant, but metabolites are released concomitantly.…”

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Fluorescence as a Surrogate for the Release of Intracellular Material From Cyanobacteria

2015

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Water treatment plants that apply preoxidation before physical cell removal can compromise cyanobacterial cell integrity and cause the release of intracellular organic matter (IOM) containing toxic or odorous metabolites. In this study, fluorescence was evaluated as a surrogate for IOM released from cyanobacterial cells following oxidation with ozone, chlorine, chlorine dioxide, or monochloramine. Oxidation of 200,000 cells/mL of Microcystis aeruginosa led to a significant increase in both the fluorescence index (FI) and the fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) intensity (excitation wavelength, 370 nm; emission wavelength, 460 nm). FI and FDOM proved impractical for detecting weakly fluorescing IOM released from Oscillatoria sp. and Lyngbya sp., indicating that the viability of fluorescence monitoring is cyanobacteria‐specific. For strongly fluorescing IOM, FI and FDOM can serve as qualitative surrogates for the concomitant release of metabolites. Elevated FI and FDOM were not sensitive to the concentration of microcystin‐LR but can provide an early warning that a utility's source water is at risk for metabolite release and accumulation.

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Fluorescence as a Surrogate for the Release of Intracellular Material From Cyanobacteria

2015

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Impacts of Potassium Permanganate and Powdered Activated Carbon on Cyanotoxin Release

2018

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Bench-scale trials were performed to (1) expose Microcystis aeruginosa cells to potassium permanganate (KMnO 4 ) doses of 1, 3, and 5 mg/L at contact times (CTs) of 15, 30, and 90 min, pH levels of 7 and 9, and turbidities of 0.1, 5, and 20 ntu, respectively;(2) compare the impacts of oxidation alone and oxidation plus powdered activated carbon (PAC) for the final 60 min of CT; and (3) evaluate the impact of these treatment conditions on extracellular microcystins (MCs), extra-plus intracellular (combined) MCs, cell membrane integrity, and chlorophyll a concentrations. Toxin releases from the cells were observed at both pH levels. The greatest toxin releases were observed at the lowest KMnO 4 doses. The toxin releases were accompanied by relatively stable total cell counts, increases in membrane-compromised cells, and decreases in chlorophyll a. The application of 10 mg/L PAC resulted in extracellular toxin concentrations that were markedly lower than those observed in oxidant-only situations.

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Influence of light intensity on microalgal growth, nutrients removal and capture of carbon in the wastewater under intermittent supply of CO₂

Liu

Ying

Chen³

et al. 2018

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND: The role of light intensity in microalgal cultivation supplied with CO 2 is still required to be fully investigated. This study researched the growth of Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris), nutrient removal and carbon capture in the wastewater for various light intensities under the intermittent injection of CO 2 . RESULTS: The biomass for 80 mol m −2 s −1 reached maximum value within 6 days. The chlorophyll content of C. vulgaris exhibited an ascending trend when increasing the light intensity from 20 to 60 mol m −2 s −1 . Cultural pH for 80 mol m −2 s −1 showed the largest level of increase in the first 4 days, then began to decline. The light intensity of 80 mol m −2 s −1 had the quickest TN and TP reduction trend in the wastewater. The difference in consumed N versus P ratio was caused by the different specific growth rates and demands for nutrients at each growth stage of C. vulgaris. The degradation of tryptophan-like substances and the increase of other substances were likely due to the release of extracellular polymeric substance of C. vulgaris. CONCLUSION: The light intensity of 80 mol m −2 s −1 resulted in the highest biomass, the quickest TN and TP reduction trend in the wastewater. Light intensity exhibited no significant influence on removal of organic carbon, but affected the transformation of organic compounds in the wastewater under intermittent supply of 10% CO 2 . RESULTS AND DISCUSSION BiomassThe biomass of C. vulgaris presented an ascending trend when increasing the light intensity from 20 to 60 μmol m −2 s −1 , as described in Fig. 1(a). However, no significant differences in biomass were observed between 60 and 80 μmol m −2 s −1 . The biomass for 80 μmol m −2 s −1 reached a plateau within 6 days, being 1.04 g L −1 , whereas the plateaus (0.65, 0.95, 1.03 and 0.95 g L −1 ) were reached within 6.5 days for 20, 40, 60 μmol m −2 s −1 and gradual increase treatments. Thus, C. vulgaris attained the maximum biomass for various light intensities at 6 or 6.5 days. Higher light intensity resulted in an increase in maximum biomass concentration achievable, but when the light intensity was above a certain threshold value, the highest biomass achievable become lower. The result was in agreement with the finding J Chem Technol Biotechnol 2018; 93: [3582][3583][3584][3585][3586][3587][3588][3589]

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Evaluating fluorescence spectroscopy as a tool to characterize cyanobacteria intracellular organic matter upon simulated release and oxidation in natural water

Cited by 71 publications

References 58 publications

Fluorescence as a Surrogate for the Release of Intracellular Material From Cyanobacteria

Fluorescence as a Surrogate for the Release of Intracellular Material From Cyanobacteria

Impacts of Potassium Permanganate and Powdered Activated Carbon on Cyanotoxin Release

Influence of light intensity on microalgal growth, nutrients removal and capture of carbon in the wastewater under intermittent supply of CO₂

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Evaluating fluorescence spectroscopy as a tool to characterize cyanobacteria intracellular organic matter upon simulated release and oxidation in natural water

Cited by 71 publications

References 58 publications

Fluorescence as a Surrogate for the Release of Intracellular Material From Cyanobacteria

Fluorescence as a Surrogate for the Release of Intracellular Material From Cyanobacteria

Impacts of Potassium Permanganate and Powdered Activated Carbon on Cyanotoxin Release

Influence of light intensity on microalgal growth, nutrients removal and capture of carbon in the wastewater under intermittent supply of CO2

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Influence of light intensity on microalgal growth, nutrients removal and capture of carbon in the wastewater under intermittent supply of CO₂