Evaluating environmental impacts of different hydrometallurgical recycling technologies of the retired nickel-manganese-cobalt batteries from electric vehicles in China
“…134 Conversely, the human health impacts were mitigated by co-product recycling. 134 The detailed discussion on the sustainability of the recycling process 135 is provided in Section 9. The discussion herein is intended to propose the sustainable utilization based on the achievement of the hydrometallurgical process.…”
A critical review of the recent developments in the recycling of spent Li-ion batteries using five major technologies (direct recycling, pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, bioleaching and electrometallurgy) and evaluation of their sustainability.
“…134 Conversely, the human health impacts were mitigated by co-product recycling. 134 The detailed discussion on the sustainability of the recycling process 135 is provided in Section 9. The discussion herein is intended to propose the sustainable utilization based on the achievement of the hydrometallurgical process.…”
A critical review of the recent developments in the recycling of spent Li-ion batteries using five major technologies (direct recycling, pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, bioleaching and electrometallurgy) and evaluation of their sustainability.
“…Due to the adsorption and ion exchange functions of water-retaining agents, other research results show that water-retaining agents can improve the utilization efficiency of N and K fertilizers by promoting the combination of soil moisture and fertilizers, and incorporating water-retaining agents into the soil can reduce fertilizer usage by 30%. Studies have shown that an appropriate amount of nitrogen can reduce the inhibitory effect of water stress on photosynthetic organs, and increase the photosynthetic activity of leaf cells, thereby enhancing photosynthetic efficiency [13] . Therefore, the soil moisture content is closely related to the mineralization, transport, absorption, and utilization of plants.…”
The fungus bran is the waste of the fruiting body of edible fungi, which is rich in a variety of protein and fiber, amino acids, polysaccharides, enzymes, and other nutrients, and has high reuse value. In this study, the fungus bran produced by desert Tremella was used as the raw material to prepare the fungus bran which could provide plant nutrients and water retention function. After 7 days of experiments, it was found that the sand fixation material had good water retention performance and significantly increased the aggregate performance of the sand. The results of FTIR and SEM analysis showed that the sand chaff was involved in the agglomeration process of sand, and the sand and the chaff were well combined, with a better spatial network structure and surface morphology. Therefore, it is a great prospect to explore the reuse of solid waste of fungal bran in desert afforestation.
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