“…There is no reason why artificial intelligence cannot be incorporated into ATM, especially when considering autonomous systems are starting to be considered as teammates, rather than simply a separate machine (Grimm, Demir, Gorman, & Cooke, 2018). Particularly when considering the strong situational awareness and higher order cognitive processing abilities that ATCOs are required to demonstrate during operations (Hedayati, Sadeghi-Firoozabadi, Bagheri, Heidari, & Sze, 2021), autonomous teammates have the capability to ease the workload of ATCOs (Tran, Pham, Goh, Alam, & Duong, 2020;Tran, Pham, Goh, Alam, & Duong, 2019). Furthermore, it has been suggested that autonomous teammates can assist with the more mundane tasks of ATCOs so that their cognitive resources can be freed up for more complex and higher order tasks that have a much larger cost associated with an incorrect decision (Endsley, 2017), which is particularly important in ATM, where collisions for example, may have extremely disastrous consequences.…”