Evaluating Clinical Course and Risk Factors of Infection and Demographic Characteristics of Pregnant Women with COVID-19 in Hamadan Province, West of Iran

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 is a new viral disease with a rapid outbreak. Pregnant women are at a higher risk of contracting viral infections including COVID-19. We aimed to evaluate the clinical course and risk factors of pregnant women diagnosed with COVID 19 in Hamadan Province, west of Iran. Study design: A retrospective cohort study. Methods: The convenience sampling was performed using 50 papers and electronic files of pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 according to the WHO’s temporary guidelines. They were hospitalized in health centers and clinics of Hamadan Province. The data-collecting tool employed was a researcher-made questionnaire. The data were analyzed via SPSS software version 19. Results: The mean age of pregnant women with COVID 19 was estimated to be 29.20 ± 5.8 yr and their average gestational age estimated to be 28.8 ± 8.20 weeks. About 32% of them had an underlying disease, 32% a history of influenza, and 40% recently traveled to infected areas. The most common findings were CT scans and multiple mottling and ground-glass opacity chest radiology. The most common symptoms were fever, cough, and shortness of breath. About 8% of the women required ICU hospitalization and the average length of hospital stay was 4.04 ± 2.38 and 29% had premature births. Moreover, 28% of infected mothers had a normal delivery and 20% had a cesarean section. Conclusion: Early diagnosis of Covid-19 disease is essential in pregnant women. Because there is a possibility of worsening complications in the mother and fetus.

Nascimento prematuro e o novo coronavírus: Uma revisão integrativa

“…Em relação ao tipo de estudo, foram identificadas oito revisões sistemáticas (Capobianco et al, 2020;Dubey, Reddy, Manuel & Dwivedi, 2020;Gao et al, 2020;Matar et al, 2020;Melo & Araújo, 2020;Novoa et al, 2020;Smith et al, 2020;Yee et al, 2020), um quase-experimento ( Been et al, 2020), cinco coortes prospectivos (Antoun, El Taweel, Ahmed, Patni & Honest, 2020;Khoury et al, 2020;Oncel et al, 2020;Pirjani et al, 2020;Savasi et al, 2020 , quatro coortes históricas (Sattari et al, 2020;Sentilhes et al, 2020;Yan et al, 2020;Yang et al, 2020), um caso-controle (Li et al, 2020), uma revisão rápida (Mullins, Evans, Viner, O'Brien, & Morris, 2020), um overview de revisões sistemáticas (Papanou et al, 2020), e duas séries de casos (Remaeus et al, 2020;Turan et al, 2020). A Tabela 1 apresenta as características de cada estudo em relação ao tipo de estudo, objetivos e nível de evidência.…”

“…Com relação a sintomatologia, estudo de coorte retrospectivo refere que os sintomas mais comuns em mulheres grávidas com Covid-19 foram febre, tosse e dificuldade respiratória (Sattari et al, 2020). Coorte prospectivo menciona que febre e dispneia na admissão eram sintomas significativamente associados a subsequente deterioração respiratória.…”

A Comprehensive Analysis of Maternal and Newborn Disease and Related Control for COVID-19

“…Co-morbidities among pregnant patients with COVID-19 infection are common [ 115 ]. Co-morbidities are very common, however, in those with more aggressive illnesses, and these have especially included obesity and diabetes [ 1 , 2 , 12 , 14 , 19 , 28 , 30 , 31 , 33 , 34 , 38 – 40 , 42 , 68 , 79 – 81 , 88 , 89 , 94 , 96 , 105 , 110 , 116 ]. The anticipation of potential complications or the advanced nature of disease has led to a high rate of Caesarean section [ 1 – 3 , 10 , 21 – 23 , 25 , 29 – 32 , 35 , 38 – 42 , 51 , 55 , 56 , 59 , 60 , 68 , 74 – 77 , 82 , 87 , 94 , 101 , 105 , 107 , 109 – 115 , 117 – 129 ].…”

“…Schwartz et al mentioned two newborn deaths among those of a retrospective cohort study in Iran, but there are no details to confirm that the infection was the direct or indirect cause of death [95]. Another report from Iran found that 28% of newborns acquired SARS-CoV-2 from their infected mothers [40]. Liu et al examined the immunological profiles of uninfected newborns from infected mothers and did not find significant aberrations [240].…”

“…Citations of newborn infection have emerged on the basis of positive findings of viral RNA [21,32,34,40,52,76,94,95,127,136,152,218,227,245,[256][257][258][259][260]. As for maternal infections, viral RNA may be detected for a considerable period of time after infection onset [260].…”