“…In general, a good number of researches have been done that examine the issue of noise pollution and vibrations caused by railways. Some of this research has only focused on noise pollution caused by railways (Grubliauskas et al, 2014 ; Zhang & Ma, 2021 ), and some other only deals with rail vibrations (Connolly et al, 2016 ; Peris et al, 2012 , 2014 ; Sharp et al, 2014 ) and there is a limited number of papers which investigated as a novel approach, the efficiency of combining railway vibration and noise barriers (Maigrot et al, 2020 ; Nering et al, 2020 ; Peplow et al, 2021 ).…”