Evaluating Angularity of Coarse Aggregates Using the Virtual Cutting Method Based on 3D Point Cloud Images

Abstract

In this paper, a new method called the Virtual Cutting Method is proposed to evaluate the angularity index (AI) values of 3D point cloud coarse aggregate images with the aim of characterizing the angularity of aggregates on conveyor belts. The 3D point cloud images of coarse aggregates were first captured, preprocessed, and segmented into single 3D aggregate objects. Based on the processed 3D aggregate images, intersection contours were extracted using a series of intersection planes with an equivalent angle between two adjacent planes. The AI was evaluated by averaging the angularity of the contours using the gradient method, which was used in the AIMS2 system. Statistical analysis was then performed to select the optimum angle between two adjacent planes. It was found that an angle of five degrees was the ideal angle, as it can balance the execution time and effectiveness of the method. Finally, the AI results of the Virtual Cutting Method were compared with those of 2D and 3D Projection Methods. It was found that the AI rankings of the three methods for different aggregate textures are generally consistent. The findings of this study conclude that the Virtual Cutting Method can be employed to quantify the angularity of a single aggregate or aggregates in piles on conveyor belts based on 3D point cloud images. INDEX TERMS Aggregate particles; Angularity evaluation; 3D point cloud image; Virtual Cutting

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