Evaluating an intervention for homeless persons: Results of a field experiment.

Toro, Paul A.; Rabideau, Julie M. Passero; Bellavia, Charles W.; Daeschler, Chester V.; Wall, David A.; Thomas, David M.; Smith, Sheila J.

doi:10.1037/0022-006x.65.3.476

Cited by 82 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…It seems unlikely that a short-term intervention such as the shelter would be able to impact on these outcomes. More intensive support and housing interventions are likely needed to have a positive impact on these outcome areas (Toro et al, 1997;Tsemberis & Eisenberg, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Process and Outcome Evaluation of a Shelter for Homeless Young Women

Dostaler¹,

Nelson

2003

Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health

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To evaluate the processes and outcomes of a short-term shelter, both quantitative and qualitative data were gathered via participant observation, focus group interviews with shelter staff and residents, and individual interviews with a sample of 40 young women who had been homeless prior to using the shelter. The process evaluation showed that the shelter staff strived to utilize an empowerment philosophy in their relationships with residents, but that there were many challenges to implementing this philosophy. The outcome evaluation showed that, at a 3-month follow-up, the participants reported significant improvements in housing, income, independence, and life satisfaction, but most continued to experience poverty and a number of other difficulties. The results were discussed in terms of the implications for future research and the value and limitations of shelters for dealing with homeless youth. The need for more sustained and comprehensive program interventions and supportive social policies was underscored.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Process and Outcome Evaluation of a Shelter for Homeless Young Women

Dostaler¹,

Nelson

2003

Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health

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“…For example, each participant's follow-up points would be indicated by the number of weeks since baseline, and time would be specified as a continuous variable in the design. This approach is akin to treating time between interviews as a covariate in a repeated measures design (e.g., Toro et al, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring homelessness and residential stability: The residential time‐line follow‐back inventory

Tsemberis

McHugo

Williams

et al. 2006

Journal Community Psychology

196

153

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Reliable and valid longitudinal residential histories are needed to assess interventions to reduce homelessness and increase community tenure. This study examined the test-retest reliability, sensitivity to change, and concurrent validity of the Residential Time-Line Follow-Back (TLFB) Inventory, a method used to record residential histories in the Collaborative Program to Prevent Homelessness (n ϭ 1,381). The Residential TLFB Inventory yielded temporally stable aggregate measures of duration in residential categories, and it revealed significant differences in change over time when contrasting study groups. A comparison of agency and participant data at one site A R T I C L EThis research was supported by the Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) and Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (CSAT) of the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) (contract number 280-94-0008). This work is a result of the collaborative effort of the participants of the project's Residential Measures Subcommittee, whose contributions we gratefully acknowledge. The contents of this paper are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the funding agency. For the SPSS syntax to compute the variables described in this paper, please contact Francine Williams at Policy Research Associates, Inc., Delmar, NY 12054 (phone: 518-439-7415, e-mail: fwilliams@prainc.com Increasing rates of homelessness attest to the continual challenges faced by service providers (National Coalition for the Homeless, 2001; U.S. Conference of Mayors, 2001). Individuals with psychiatric disabilities-an estimated 20-25% of the single adult homeless population, 30-70% of whom have substance use disorders-present agencies with complex needs (Fischer & Breakey, 1991;Koegel, Sullivan, Burnham, Morton, & Wenzel, 1999;Rahav & Link, 1995). Due to the cyclic nature of long-term homelessness often experienced by this dually diagnosed population, longitudinal research is necessary to investigate patterns of homelessness and residential instability and the services that are best suited to address their needs (Hopper, Jost, Hay, Welber, & Haugland, 1997). To this end, it is necessary to obtain reliable and valid data regarding histories of residential stability and homelessness in order to assess the effectiveness of any intervention directed at reducing homelessness.Studies on homelessness have differed, unfortunately, in their methods of measuring the key variables of homelessness and housing stability. Definitions of homelessness and housing stability have varied widely (Abdul Hamid, Wykes, & Stansfeld, 1993;Morrison, 1989), and the methodologies used to obtain data, as well as the samples studied, have been inconsistent (Newman, 2001). Studies of homelessness primarily use self-report and/or observer report to assess participants' homelessness or residential histories. Although several studies use institutional records or residential databases to supplement individual reports, such resources are often no...

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“…The HIST was developed for use with homeless and poor adults (Toro et al, 1995;Toro et al, 1997b) and is based on the Life History Calendar, which has documented reliability and validity in a five-year longitudinal study (Freedman, Thorton, Camburn, Alwin, & Young-DeMarco, 1988). The HIST obtains a timeline of various events, including marriage, the birth of children, housing, employment, public assistance, and out-patient service use.…”

Section: Housing Income and Services Timeline (Hist)mentioning

confidence: 99%