Evaluating Agricultural Nonpoint‐Source Pollution Using Integrated Geographic Information Systems and Hydrologic/Water Quality Model

Tim, U. Sunday; Jolly, Robert W.

doi:10.2134/jeq1994.00472425002300010006x

Cited by 127 publications

(55 citation statements)

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“…More complex, spatially lumped simulations of nonpoint-source pollution (e.g., Knisel 1980, Haith and Shoemaker 1987, Bicknell et al 1993) also share this limitation. In theory, spatially distributed models (see review in Tim and Jolly 1994) could represent the source-buffer transfer, but have not been applied to the issues considered in this paper (Merot and Durand 1997). Moreover, it is often difficult to parameterize, interpret, and verify complex distributed models (Beven andBinley 1992, Bloschl andSivapalan 1995).…”

Section: Water-quality Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heuristic Models for Material Discharge from Landscapes with Riparian Buffers

Weller¹,

Jordan²,

Correll³

1998

Ecological Applications

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Abstract. For landscapes with riparian buffers, we develop and analyze models predicting landscape discharge based on material release by an uphill source area, the spatial distribution of riparian buffer along a stream, and retention within the buffer. We model the buffer as a grid of cells, and each cell transmits a fixed fraction of the materials it receives. We consider the effects of variation in buffer width and buffer continuity, quantify the relative contributions of source elimination and buffer retention to total discharge reduction, and develop statistical relationships to simplify and generalize the models. Width variability reduces total buffer retention, increases the width needed to meet a management goal, and changes the importance of buffer retention relative to source elimination. Variablewidth buffers are less efficient than uniform-width buffers because transport through areas of below-average buffer width (particularly gaps) dominates landscape discharge, especially for narrow buffers of highly retentive cells. Uniform-width models overestimate retention, so width variability should be considered when testing for buffer effects or designing buffers for water quality management. Adding riparian buffer to a landscape can decrease material discharge by increasing buffer retention and by eliminating source areas. Source elimination is more important in unretentive or wide buffers, while buffer retention dominates in narrow, retentive buffers. We summarize model results with simpler statistical relationships. For unretentive buffers, average width is the best predictor of landscape discharge, while the frequency of gaps was best for narrow, retentive buffers. Together, both predictors explain Ͼ90% of the variance in average landscape transmission for any value of buffer retentiveness. We relate our results to ecological theory, landscape-scale buffer effects, buffer management, and water quality models. We recommend more empirical studies of buffer width variability and its effects on material discharge. Landscape models should represent width variability and the nonlinear interactions between buffers and source areas.

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Section: Water-quality Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heuristic Models for Material Discharge from Landscapes with Riparian Buffers

Weller¹,

Jordan²,

Correll³

1998

Ecological Applications

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“…It requires the transfer of information between the GIS and the model. GIS and model can have no direct connection and information transfer is assumed by input-output routines added to the model (Srinivasan and Engel 1991;Tim and Jolly 1994;Flugel and Micht 1995;San and Kolm 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of MODFLOW and geographic information system to groundwater flow simulation in North China Plain, China

et al. 2007

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MODFLOW is a groundwater modeling program. It can be compiled and remedied according to the practical applications. Because of its structure and fixed data format, MODFLOW can be integrated with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology for water resource management. The North China Plain (NCP), which is the politic, economic and cultural center of China, is facing with water resources shortage and water pollution. Groundwater is the main water resource for industrial, agricultural and domestic usage. It is necessary to evaluate the groundwater resources of the NCP as an entire aquifer system. With the development of computer and internet information technology it is also necessary to integrate the groundwater model with the GIS technology. Because the geological and hydrogeological data in the NCP was mainly in MAPGIS format, the powerful function of GIS of disposing of and analyzing spatial data and computer languages such as Visual C and Visual Basic were used to define the relationship between the original data and model data. After analyzing the geological and hydrogeological conditions of the NCP, the groundwater flow numerical simulation modeling was constructed with MODFLOW. On the basis of GIS, a dynamic evaluation system for groundwater resources under the internet circumstance was completed. During the process of constructing the groundwater model, a water budget was analyzed, which showed a negative budget in the NCP. The simulation period was from 1 January 2002 to 31 December 2003. During this period, the total recharge of the groundwater system was 49,374 9 10 6 m 3 and the total discharge was 56,530 9 10 6 m 3 the budget deficit was -7,156 9 10 6 m 3 . In this integrated system, the original data including graphs and attribution data could be stored in the database. When the process of evaluating and predicting groundwater flow was started, these data were transformed into files that the core program of MODFLOW could read. The calculated water level and drawdown could be displayed and reviewed online.

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“…Poiani and Bedford (1995) recently presented a cursory review of GE-based NPS pollution models emphasizing surface applications. Numerous hydrologic-water quality models of runoff and soil erosion have been used with a GIS to determine surface sources of NPS pollutants from watersheds (Pelletier, 1985;Potter et al, 1986;Oslin et al, 1988;Sivertun et al, 1988;DeRoo et al, 1989DeRoo et al, , 1992Rudra et al, 1991;Bhaskar et al, 1992;Drayton et al, 1992;Joao & Walsh, 1992;Tim et al, 1992;Walker et al, 1992;Wolfe, 1992;He et al, 1993;Heidtke & Auer, 1993;Levine et al, 1993;Mitchell et al, 1993;Warwick & Haness, 1994) agricultural areas (Hopkins & Clausen, 1985;Gilliland & Baxter-Potter, 1987;Hession & Shanholtz, 1988Panuska & Moore, 1991;Hamlett et al, 1992;Lee & White, 1992;Geleta et al, 1994;Tim & Jolly, 1994) and urban areas (Smith & Brilly, 1992;Smith, 1993;Ventura & Kim, 1993). In addition, several groundwater models have been coupled to a GIS to simulate water flow and/or NPS pol-lutants in aquifers (Kernodle & Philip, 1989;Baker & Panciera, 1990;Hinaman, 1993;Roaza et al, 1993;El-Kadi et al, 1994;Darling & Hubbard, 1994).…”

Section: Gis-based Models For Nps Pollution Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

GIS Applications of Deterministic Solute Transport Models for Regional-Scale Assessment of Non-Point Source Pollutants in the Vadose Zone

Corwin

2015

SSSA Special Publications

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In recent years, worldwide attention has shifted from point source to non-point source (NPS) pollutants, particularly with regard to the pollution of surface and subsurface sources of drinking water. This is due to the widespread occurrence and potential chronic health effects of NPS pollutants. The ubiquitous nature of NPS pollutants poses a complex technical problem. The area1 extent of their contamination increases the complexity and sheer volume of data required for assessment far beyond that of typical point source pollutants. The spatial nature of the NPS pollution problem necessitates the use of a geographic information system (GIS) to manipulate, retrieve, and display the large volumes of spatial data. This chapter provides an overview of the components (i.e., spatial variability, scale dependency, parameter-data estimation and measurement, uncertainty analysis, and others) required to successfully model NPS pollutants with GIS and a review of recent applications of GIS to the modeling of non-point source pollutants in the vadose zone with deterministic solute transport models. The compatibility, strengths, and weaknesses of coupling a GIS to deterministic one-dimensional transport models are discussed. BACKGROUND IN NON-POINT SOURCE POLLUTANTS

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Evaluating Agricultural Nonpoint‐Source Pollution Using Integrated Geographic Information Systems and Hydrologic/Water Quality Model

Cited by 127 publications

References 0 publications

Heuristic Models for Material Discharge from Landscapes with Riparian Buffers

Heuristic Models for Material Discharge from Landscapes with Riparian Buffers

Application of MODFLOW and geographic information system to groundwater flow simulation in North China Plain, China

GIS Applications of Deterministic Solute Transport Models for Regional-Scale Assessment of Non-Point Source Pollutants in the Vadose Zone

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