Evaluating Abiotic Influences on Soil Salinity of Inland Managed Wetlands and Agricultural Croplands in a Semi-Arid Environment

Fowler, Drew N.; King, Sammy L.; Weindorf, David C.

doi:10.1007/s13157-014-0585-3

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…The importance of wetlands is greater in places where water resources are scarce, e.g., the arid and semi-arid ecosystems of South America [1,2]. In the Altiplano regions of South America, there are wetlands at high altitudes, which are located at the maximum altitude for vegetation growth and at less than the zero isotherms [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Model for Estimating the Vegetation Cover in the High-Altitude Wetlands of the Andes (HAWA)

Soto

Román‐Figueroa

Paneque

2019

Land

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The natural salt meadows of Tilopozo in the hyperarid, Atacama Desert of northern Chile, which are located at approximately 2800 m above sea level, are under pressure from industrial activity, and cultivation and grazing by local communities. In this research, the land surface covered by salt meadow vegetation was estimated from normalized difference vegetation indices (NDVI) derived from Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM), Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+) and Operational Land Imager (OLI) data from 1985 to 2016. The vegetated area of the Tilopozo salt meadows decreased by 34 ha over the 32-year period studied. Multiple regression models of the area covered by vegetation and climate data and groundwater depths were derived on an annual basis, as well as for both the dry and wet seasons and had R2 values of 83.0%, 72.8% and 92.4% respectively between the vegetated areas modeled and those estimated from remotely sensed data. These models are potentially useful tools for studies into the conservation of the Tilopozo salt meadows, as they provide relevant information on the state of vegetation and enable changes in vegetation in response to fluctuations in climate parameters and groundwater depths to be predicted.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Model for Estimating the Vegetation Cover in the High-Altitude Wetlands of the Andes (HAWA)

Soto

Román‐Figueroa

Paneque

2019

Land

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“…In intruded fields, extensive evaporation can cause salts to move to the soil surface through capillarity (Fowler et al. ) and form a visible crust (Fig. B).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In turn, plant dieoff exposed patches of bare soil and effectively increased their evaporative surface, further increasing salt levels. In intruded fields, extensive evaporation can cause salts to move to the soil surface through capillarity (Fowler et al 2014) and form a visible crust (Fig. 2B).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saltwater intrusion affects nutrient concentrations in soil porewater and surface waters of coastal habitats

Weissman

Tully

2020

Ecosphere

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Coastal ecosystems are undergoing major biogeochemical shifts due to climate change and sea level rise. At the same time, agricultural fertilizer applications are increasing coastal nutrient inputs. In this study, we examine the potential impact of saltwater intrusion (SWI) on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations in soil porewater and surface water of different habitats within the Chesapeake Bay estuary. Study sites are located along Maryland's Lower Eastern Shore and were monitored over three summers from 2016 to 2018. These sites encompass various habitats on the land–sea interface, consisting of healthy forests, intruded forests, abandoned fields, intruded fields, agricultural ditches, tidal creeks, and tidal salt marshes. Intruded fields were being actively farmed at the time of the study. Soil porewater and surface water grab samples were collected from the habitats and analyzed for electrical conductivity, pH, dissolved organic P (DOP), dissolved inorganic P in the form of soluble reactive P (SRP), dissolved inorganic N as ammonium‐N (NH4‐N), and total dissolved iron (TDFe). Electrical conductivity was greatest in the marshes (16.58 mS/cm averaged across all years) and did not significantly differ among intruded forests, intruded fields, and agricultural ditches. As a legacy of heavy fertilizer use, DOP concentrations exceeded 0.45 mg P/L in all habitats. Concentrations of inorganic N and P differed significantly by habitat. Concentrations of NH4‐N were significantly higher in salt marsh soil porewater than in any other habitat measured. Overall, SRP concentrations were the highest in the soil porewater of intruded fields and marshes and in the surface water of agricultural ditches (0.30, 0.29, and 0.33 mg P/L averaged across all years, respectively). These concentrations greatly exceeded recommended U.S. Environmental Protection Agency nutrient pollution thresholds for the region. In its oxidized state, dissolved iron can bind to SRP and prevent it from becoming bioavailable. However, TDFe concentrations in the ditches, tidal creeks, and marshes were too low to adequately buffer against SRP loss to downstream areas. As SWI moves salts inland and increases hydrologic connectivity across coastal landscapes, it is important to consider the mechanisms through which nutrients may be released from coastal soils and their potential to impact downstream water quality.

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“…Salinity is a stressor in dry and semiarid environments when evapotranspiration exceeds rainfall, resulting in insufficient rain to filter soluble salts from the root zone. The salinity stressor inhibits plants' capacity to absorb nutrients and water from the soil, stunting their development; salt deposits in the transpiration stream harm leaf cells, causing leaf burn; it also alters enzyme activity within the plant [27].…”

Section: Salinitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biostimulants Application: An Innovative Approach to Food Security under Drought Stress

Bashir¹,

Raza²,

Rehim³

et al. 2022

Climate Change - Recent Observations [Working Title]

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Climate change is a global threat to food security as it causes various biotic and abiotic stresses that adversely disturb agriculture production. With an increase in the worldwide population, the demand for food has also arisen. It is an immediate challenge for the scientific community to introduce an innovative tool to achieve food security with quality plant production and develop tolerance against abiotic stresses, specifically drought. Genetically modifications are effective and time-consuming, while biostimulants are in/organic substances with the potential to support plant development under stress conditions. This chapter focuses on the impacts of climate change on agriculture, challenges for agriculture sustainability and food security, the interrelationship between drought, climate change and food security, the potential role of biostimulants against drought, future aspects and challenges due to climate change specifically drought, and food security challenges. Various studies reported that the application of biostimulants results in enhancement of crop productivity and mitigates the harmful effects due to climate change. To ensure the quality of chapter, we collected references from well-reputed international journals using keywords ““biostimulants,” “drought,” “food security,” “agriculture sustainability,” and “climate change.” In conclusion, biostimulants has a potential to address adverse environmental conditions without affecting crop quality and yield loss.

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Evaluating Abiotic Influences on Soil Salinity of Inland Managed Wetlands and Agricultural Croplands in a Semi-Arid Environment

Cited by 13 publications

References 24 publications

A Model for Estimating the Vegetation Cover in the High-Altitude Wetlands of the Andes (HAWA)

A Model for Estimating the Vegetation Cover in the High-Altitude Wetlands of the Andes (HAWA)

Saltwater intrusion affects nutrient concentrations in soil porewater and surface waters of coastal habitats

Biostimulants Application: An Innovative Approach to Food Security under Drought Stress

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