Evaluate Ho Chi Minh City Sustainability Using Fuzzy Extent Analysis Method

Abstract

Sustainable development of cities was among the goals aimed by either country or region since the 1980s. Ho Chi Minh City was ranked as the most rapid urban development in Vietnam, which challenged the accommodation of the necessities for a pleasant life in a city with limited resources, including housing, public infrastructure, a clean environment, security, safety, employment, and other necessities. The purpose of this study was to measure city sustainability by employing fuzzy decision analysis. A systematic review of the literature has provided the theoretical framework for measuring sustainable cities. Further consent on the criteria of a sustainable city in the context of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam was confirmed based on the evaluation of thirty experts with academic and practical experience in the field. The research findings provided the measurement model of city sustainability at three levels with three main criteria at 2nd level and twenty sub-criteria at 3rd level. The research results revealed that there is great consent for city performance and priority ranking in terms of the social dimension. However, great conflict in the importance and performance of economic and environmental dimensions has been found. This practically implied the strategies for bridging the gap between the city’s actual criteria performance and priority ranking in target city sustainability.

Constructing a resilience measurement model for small and medium-sized enterprises in Vietnam: A PLS-SEM approach

“…SMEs have created 80% of all new jobs in Europe in the last five years (Pedraza, 2021), and they are considered a crucial driver of world economic growth, global supply chains, innovation, and employment. SMEs in Vietnam are no exception (OECD, 2017;Naradda Gamage et al, 2020), as SMEs share around 97% of the businesses, and contribute 60% of the national economic growth in Vietnam ( Nguyen et al, 2020;Dinh et al, 2022). In recent years, the world has experienced potential changes, risks, uncertainty, complexity, and unpredictability ( Sword-Daniels et al, 2018;Dishon & Gilead, 2021).…”