Evaluación espacial y temporal de la vegetación de la Sierra Madrigal, Tabasco, México (1973-2003)

Conde, Erika del Carmen Salazar; Zavala-Cruz, Joel; Acosta, Ofelia Castillo; Artigas, Rafael Cámara

doi:10.14350/rig.30128

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The estimation of production costs was done in the municipality of Tuxtepec, Oaxaca, with those de forestal a agrícola o ganadero, tala inmoderada e incendios forestales, entre otros factores (Salazar, Zavala, Castillo, & Cámara, 2004). A pesar de contar con potenciales productivos y comerciales de importancia regional, es difícil tener la información contable que permita fomentar el aumento en la productividad o sustentabilidad del cultivo.…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

“…Asimismo, la actividad permite desarrollar una estrategia productiva sostenible (Musálem-Santiago, 2003); en particular, en las zonas que muestran signos evidentes de perturbación en sus ecosistemas como producto de la acción antropogénica, situación que se ha acrecentado debido a cambios de uso del suelo rise due to the changes in soil use, from forestry to agricultural to farming, unregulated logging and forest fires, among other factors (Salazar, Zavala, Castillo, & Cámara, 2004). Despite having production and commercial potentials of regional importance, it is difficult to obtain the accounting data that allows for the promotion of production capacity or sustainability of the cultivations.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Profitability analysis for natural rubber (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) production in Oaxaca, Mexico

Vargas-Canales¹,

Rangel²,

Peralta³

et al. 2015

rchscfa

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C ultivation of natural rubber has been an effective production alternative for humid tropical regions. This work presents the results of the cost estimation for the production of natural rubber and formulates some profitability indicators for the northern region of the state of Oaxaca. Three production representative units (PRU) of 2.5, 5 and 16 ha were defined, which were worked on in panels. The methodology used adhered to standards established by the American Agricultural Economics Association. The results show that economic costs per PRU amount to $13.66, $10.95 and $11.65, financial costs per PRU amount to $7.52, $6.98 and $9.60, and the cash flow per PRU amounts to $18.94, $13.02 and $11.99 per kilogram of natural rubber. The assessed production costs reveal that the production units with similar characteristics to the PRU of 2.5 and 16 possess limited financial viability. Due to the foregoing, technological innovations that allow for cost reductions, an increase in yield, the improvement of product quality and in some cases the renewal of plantations must be incorporated. ResumenE l cultivo del hule ha sido una buena alternativa de producción para las regiones del trópico húmedo. Este trabajo presenta los resultados de la estimación de costos de producción y formula algunos indicadores de rentabilidad del norte del estado de Oaxaca. Se definieron tres unidades representativas de producción (URP) de 2.5, 5 y 16 ha; mismas que se trabajaron en paneles. La metodología empleada se apegó a la establecida por la Asociación Americana de Economía Agrícola. Los resultados muestran que el costo económico por URP asciende a $13.66, $10.95 y $11.65, el financiero a $7.52, $6.98 y $9.60, y el flujo de efectivo a $18.94, $13.02 y $11.99 por kilogramo de hule. Los costos de producción evaluados revelan que las unidades de producción con características similares a las URP de 2.5 y 16 ha poseen viabilidad económica limitada. Por lo anterior, deben integrar innovaciones técnicas que permitan reducir costos, aumentar rendimientos, mejorar calidad del producto y en algunos casos renovar plantaciones.Received: February 4, 2015 / Accepted: October 12, 2015.Palabras clave: Costo económico, costo financiero, flujo neto de efectivo, relación beneficio-costo, unidades representativas de producción.

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Section: Methodsunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

Profitability analysis for natural rubber (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) production in Oaxaca, Mexico

Vargas-Canales¹,

Rangel²,

Peralta³

et al. 2015

rchscfa

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“…It is possible that the fluid entering the cave at time of inclusion entrapment was enriched with oxygen, possibly from a stream or other source at the surface where photosynthetic organisms might have been producing high levels of oxygen. This area is currently heavily vegetated tropical forest and has been proposed to form part of a tropical high rainfall regime from Pleistocene time (2.5 Ma) (Wendt, 1987;Salazar-Conde et al, 2004;INEGI, 2005). Alternatively, we consider the possibility that chlorine gas associated with the nearby volcano might oxidize water to produce oxygen by the following reaction:…”

Section: Spainmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution signatures of oxygenation and microbiological activity in speleothem fluid inclusions

Blamey

Boston²,

Rosales-Lagarde³

2016

IJS

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Abstract:Speleothems frequently host "fossil" fluids that were trapped in small inclusions during growth. Such fluids may provide valuable clues to past microbial, geochemical, and climatic processes during their formation. However, one difficulty is to understand which gases represent background atmosphere and fluids within a given cave system at a particular time, and which may be the product of post-trapping residual microbial activity or abiotic chemical reactions? Do we have any hope of sorting out these differences?The success depends on a quantitative understanding of the gas composition trapped in the inclusions and an understanding of the interactions of cave mineralogy, air and water chemistry, and microbiological processes that may interfere with climatic or geochemical interpretations. Our proof-of-concept project uses time synchronous samples from several sites. We report here on this pilot investigation of speleothem inclusions using a methodology for quantitatively analyzing gases dissolved in inclusion fluids. We use incremental crushing of highly spatially resolved samples by mass spectrometry. Here, we report primarily on CH 4 , CO 2 , O 2 , and N 2 , but have included other detectable gases. The detection limit for He within aqueous fluid inclusions is ~0.2 ppm and gas ratios have ~5% precision using natural standards. We used chemically inert argon as a tracer gas to normalize results to air or air-saturated water. This enables interpretation of gas data despite variability in hydrological and geological cave histories. Results are variable. For example, in one case oxygen was depleted while nitrogen was increased, which may be attributable to the breakdown of nitrate or nitrogen-containing biomolecules. In other cases, oxygen is enriched which may be attributed to several factors both geochemical and biological. We suggest potential interpretations between the competing hypotheses with larger future data sets. This first attempt tackles the complex and intertwined speleological questions using the inclusion gas method.fluid inclusions, fluid inclusion gases, microbial activity, speleothems

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“…Se distribuye sobre tierra firme inundable a lo largo de la vertiente del Pacífico desde Nayarit hasta Chiapas y en la del Atlántico como manchones puros o asociados a la selva alta perennifolia de pio (Licania platypus: Miranda y Hernández X., 1963;López-Mendoza, 1980;Pennington y Sarukhán, 2005). La pérdida de cobertura selvática se explica por los cambios de uso de suelo para la agricultura y ganadería, la extracción de madera, el crecimiento poblacional, el incremento de la infraestructura carretera y la actividad petrolera (Tudela, 1989;Salazar-Conde et al, 2004;Sánchez-Munguía, 2005; Gue-rra-Martínez y Ochoa-Gaona, 2008). En Tabasco la extensión original de SMPC se ha eliminado casi por completo y en la actualidad persisten solo escasos fragmentos de esta asociación vegetal.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

La selva inundable de canacoite en Tabasco, México, una comunidad vegetal amenazada

et al. 2016

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The structure, composition and diversity of the floodplain forest (SMPC) of Bravaisia integerrima were studied in the two largest forest stands in Tabasco, Mexico: the Ecological Reserve Yu-Balcah (YCAH) with 271 ha, and State Park La Chontalpa (PECH) with 191 ha. In each forest stand 10 plots of 1000 m 2 were sampled. Tree individuals sampled were identified to species, and evaluated in three age categories, seedlings, saplings, and adults. The relationship between species richness and sampling effort was analyzed using Chao 2, ICE, Jacknife 1, Jacknife 2 and Bootstrap. The structural analysis was based on the importance value index. The diversity of species was evaluated, using the Margalef index (D Mg ), α de Fisher, Shannon-Wiener (H') and equity of Pielou J. The dominance indices of Berger-Parker (d) and Simpson (D) were also used. The total number of species was 76, belonging to 64 genera and 33 botanical families. The richest family was Leguminosae with 15 species. The basal area of the sites YCAH and PECH was 37.2 and 29.5 m 2 ha -1 , respectively. Bravaisia integerrima was the most important tree species in all stands, with an Importance Index of 277. The value of the Shannon index was 2.0 in both sites. YCAH showed the best ecological condition. Six species present in the stands are considered as threatened in Mexico (NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010). The current extent of the floodplain forest of Bravaisia in Tabasco State is 490 ha. The results suggest that the structure and composition of this forest has been affected by human activity. As a consequence, to guarantee the conservation of these remnants of SMPC in Tabasco, it is important to verify their legal situation and the application of management plans, designed to improve the productive activities of the rural communities that live around the stands. To succeed Maldonado-Sánchez et al. La selva inundable de canacoite en Tabasco, México 77 in this endeavor, it is necessary that governmental actors, academics, non-governmental organizations, and civil society work together.

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Evaluación espacial y temporal de la vegetación de la Sierra Madrigal, Tabasco, México (1973-2003)

Cited by 15 publications

References 5 publications

Profitability analysis for natural rubber (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) production in Oaxaca, Mexico

Profitability analysis for natural rubber (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) production in Oaxaca, Mexico

High-resolution signatures of oxygenation and microbiological activity in speleothem fluid inclusions

La selva inundable de canacoite en Tabasco, México, una comunidad vegetal amenazada

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