Evaluación del rendimiento y calidad del fruto de parentales e híbridos de lulo de Castilla

Abstract

0000-0001-9222-4674 3 municipios de La Florida y Buesaco, ubicados en el departamento de Nariño, se establecieron dos ensayos, bajo un diseño de Bloques Completos al Azar, con tres repeticiones. La interacción genotipo por ambiente fue signifi cativa para el peso de fruto (PF), diámetro ecuatorial, sólidos solubles totales, contenido de jugo y rendimiento (RTO). En La Florida, B1, B2, B3, B4xB5 y B2XLaSelva fueron los de mejor comportamiento en cuanto a RTO, con promedios entre 6,64 a 9,35t.ha -1 y PF, con 143 a 167g, en su orden. En Buesaco, se destacaron B1 y B2xB8 con RTOs de 7,72 y 9,43t.ha -1 y PF, entre 92,03 y 112,97g, promedios que están por encima del promedio regional y son la base para mejorar estas características.Palabras clave: Solanum quitoense; rendimiento; peso de fruto; índice de selección; interacción genotipo ambiente.Lagos-Santander, L.K.; Lagos-Burbano, T.C.; Duarte-Alvarado, D.E.; Criollo-Escobar, H.; Angulo-Ramos, N.F.: Evaluación de germoplasma de lulo ABSTRACT Solanum quitoense is a plant of great relevance to undertake productive projects for export as an exotic fruit or for industry. Its importance lies in the possibility of contributing to the development of producers in the Andean region, because the lulo is demanded in the market for its flavor, aroma, nutritional and organoleptic properties. Despite its importance, this species has technological deficiencies, among which, the lack of improved cultivars that guarantee greater yields and fruit quality and establish its agronomic efficiency through different environments is highlighted. The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of the yield and traits related to the fruit in populations of lulo de Castilla. Eight parents and 10 hybrids were used. In the municipalities of La Florida and Buesaco located in the department of Nariño, two trials were established under a Randomized Complete Blocks design with three repetitions. Genotype interaction by environment was significant for fruit weight (FP), equatorial diameter, total soluble solids, juice content and yield (RTO). In La Florida, B1, B2, B3, B4xB5 and B2XLaSelva were the best performers in terms of RTO with averages between 6.64 to 9.35t.ha-1 and PF with 143 to 167g, in order. In Buesaco, B1 and B2xB8 stood out with RTOs of 7.72 and 9.43t.ha-1, PF between 92.03 and 112.97g, averages that are above the regional average and are the basis for improving these characteristics.

General and specific combining abilities in a lulo diallel cross (Solanum quitoense Lam.)

“…These authors analyzed an initial population of 50 half-sibling lulo families to select those with improved fruit quality. The average weights in this study were also greater than the average weight of 97.29 g reported by Lagos-Santander et al (2019), who assessed selected parents and hybrids based on performance characteristics. These authors, however, found weights up to 167 g in one hybrid and 148 g in a parent, demonstrating that FW interacts with the environment and its performance is associated with SCA effects that result from parental dominance, as reported here.…”

“…For the PA, no positive and significant GCA effects were found; however, parental 3 had a negative effect (-1.31*), indicating the below-average performance of its hybrid combinations. Lagos-Santander et al (2019) and Lagos-Santander et al (2020) reported positive and significant correlations of PA with FW and Y, meaning this variable was associated with traits related to the production potential of lulo.…”

“…There are no medium-and long-term solutions, making it necessary to generate strategies to increase productivity. One of these strategies is the evaluation of the germplasm with different approaches (Lagos-Santander et al, 2019). In these evaluations, a population analysis can be used to study the genetic control of quantitative traits, evaluating both general and specific combinatorial skills in breeding programs to obtain desired agronomic and genetic traits, depending on the research context (Manjarrez et al, 2014).…”

Key Agronomic Fertilization Practices That Influence Yield of Naranjilla (Solanum quitoense Lam.) in the Ecuadorian Amazon

“…The strong relationship that occurs between yield and fruit number and diameter is due to the fact that these variables are components of this factor [23]. This argument is confirmed by [21] who stated that the number of fruits per plant is a parameter that is closely related to total production; that is, a greater number of fruits per plant with the same production per unit area shows that the fruits are smaller, therefore, this parameter allows determining the destination of the production, that is, for fresh market, large fruits are preferred (category 1 and 2) and small fruits (categories 3 and 4) are used for industry [24].…”

Plant Height and Stem Diameter of Solanum quitoense Lamarck Improved with Applications of AMF and Biostimulants

“…The lulo plant can be adapted to humid mountain forests and can grow in in areas with coffee cultivation (Coffea arabica L.), as was the case for the cloud forest of Huatusco, Veracruz [48,49].…”