Evaluación del estigma hacia personas con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia mediante una escala de conocimiento

Grandón, Pamela; Aguilera, Alexis Vielma; Bustos, Claudio; Castro-Alzate, Elvis Siprian; Saldivia, Sandra

doi:10.1016/j.rcp.2017.01.009

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…For example, professionals closest to the area of social sciences, such as psychologists, would have less stigma than professionals in the area of healthcare, such as physicians and nurses (32). Despite the few studies on this topic in Chile, the results are in agreement with other published studies demonstrating that there are prejudices and negative attitudes toward people who have SMD (33, 34). It has been shown that stigma affects the inequity of health care in several ways.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

An Integrative Program to Reduce Stigma in Primary Healthcare Workers Toward People With Diagnosis of Severe Mental Disorders: A Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2019

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Background: People with severe mental disorders (SMDs) have higher disease and death rates than the general population. Stigma (negative attitudes and perceptions) contributes to limited access to health services and a lower quality of medical assistance in this population, and it is manifested as negative attitudes, social distance, and discrimination toward this social group. For these reasons, healthcare workers are a priority group for anti-stigma interventions. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a program specifically designed to decrease negative attitudes and social distance and increase inclusive behaviors in healthcare workers toward people with SMD.Methods: The study will be a randomized clinical trial. A minimum of 210 healthcare workers from 11 primary care centers in the province of Concepción, Chile, will be randomly chosen to receive the program or be part of the control group. There will be a pre-, post-, and 4-months evaluation of social distance, attitudes, and behaviors of participants toward people with SMD using standardized scales such as the social distance scale, which is a scale of clinician attitude toward mental illness adapted from attitudes of clinicians toward mental illness, and self-reports. The intervention program will consist of education strategies, direct, and indirect contact with people diagnosed with SMD, and skill development. There will be six face-to-face sessions directly with the participants and two additional sessions with the directors of each healthcare center. The program will involve a facilitator who will be a healthcare professional and a co-facilitator who will be a person diagnosed with SMD.Discussion: This study will evaluate an intervention program especially designed to reduce stigma in healthcare workers toward people with SMD, a topic on which there is little background information, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. It is important to have interventions with proven effectiveness for this purpose to ensure equity in healthcare services.Trial Registration: This study was registered under ISRCTN.com (ISRCTN46464036).

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

An Integrative Program to Reduce Stigma in Primary Healthcare Workers Toward People With Diagnosis of Severe Mental Disorders: A Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2019

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“…Al identificar la cantidad de conocimiento que poseen los estudiantes encuestados sobre la esquizofrenia, salió a relucir un escaso conocimiento general al respecto, al igual que Grandón, Aguilera, Bustos, Alzate & Saldivia (2017) quienes confirmaron esto mismo a través de su investigación que evaluaba estigma hacia personas con este diagnóstico. Así también, esto se identificó en la investigación realizada por Sobrino (Madrid, 2015) que evaluó conocimientos, actitudes, opiniones y creencias sobre la enfermedad mental por parte de estudiantes, donde se encontró que una gran parte de los evaluados no poseían un concepto claro de lo que provoca las enfermedades mentales (esquizofrenia).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…La literatura de la ACT ha demostrado que el estigma está construido sobre el uso normal del lenguaje y que la solución a este proceso es más probable que se encuentre en la compasión hacia sí mismo, hacia los otros y en las acciones guiadas por los valores, más que en la reducción de la forma y frecuencia de las actitudes estigmatizantes (Peral, 2012, p.1). En otras palabras, sería una manera de confrontar mediante cuestionamientos subyacentes al proceso de concienciación de la empatía, las ideas erróneas sobre el objeto de estigma (Grandón, Aguilera, Bustos, Alzate & Saldivia, 2017). Se ha concluido que la intervención ACT sí permite la reducción significativa del mismo.…”

Section: Una Nueva Visión Contra El Estigma: Terapia De Aceptación Y unclassified

“…La marginación se traduce en humillación por no ser igual a los demás, planteamiento importante para este estudio. Con relación a la esquizofrenia, indirectamente un bajo nivel de conocimiento puede reforzar informaciones y percepciones erróneas acerca de las implicaciones de padecerlo (Grandón, Aguilera, Bustos, Alzate & Saldivia, 2017). Como suele suceder (Muntaner, 1998b), el diagnóstico hace que automáticamente el paciente con esquizofrenia sea infravalorado, aumentando las probabilidades del desarrollo de conductas sociales inadaptadas que confirmarían la imagen estigmatizada que se tiene de ellos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Estigma asociado a la esquizofrenia con estudiantes de Ingeniería en Sistemas en dos universidades privadas de Santo Domingo

Laureano

Jiménez

Rivera

et al. 2019

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El presente estudio se realizó con el propósito de evaluar y comparar, el posible estigma que pueda existir entre estas dos poblaciones hacia las personas con esquizofrenia. Fue de tipo transversal y contó con un universo de 521 estudiantes y una muestra de 178. Analizando los resultados se encontró con que la mayoría de los consultados desconocían lo que es la esquizofrenia y las implicaciones de tenerla. El escaso conocimiento o la falta del mismo pueden llevar a las creencias erróneas hacia algo o alguien. Como una herramienta para combatir el estigma hacia estos, se creó el programa «Esquizofrenia Sin Estigmas» (ESE), que tiene como objetivo principal el ofrecer técnicas y herramientas basadas en la Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso, para así poder reducir el estigma y/o estereotipos que viven día a día las personas con esquizofrenia.

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“…Despite the cultural, social, or economic differences, when referring to people with mental illnesses, there are some characteristics, labels, or stereotypes around the globe (Semrau et al, 2015). For example, people with schizophrenia, alcoholism, and substance use disorder receive more negative opinions compared to depression, eating disorders, and anxiety (Crisp et al, 2000; Grandóna et al, 2017; Haghighat, 2001). As we know, stigmatization occurs as a cause of ignorance of the pathology and a lack of contact with people who suffer from disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrimination and social stigma against people with mental illnesses in Argentina

Mitelman

Chirazi

Schmollgruber

et al. 2022

Int J Soc Psychiatry

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Background: Individuals with mental and neurological illnesses face stigma and discrimination every day. There are only a few studies regarding the degree of discrimination in the comparison between the illnesses, and no recent research has been found in Argentina about this topic. Aims: The aim of this research is to study and compare stigma and discrimination toward people with mental illnesses (schizophrenia, substance use disorder, and bipolar disorder) and with neurological disorders (epilepsy) in Argentina, while analyzing the social distance toward them. The level of responsibility attributed to individuals with these disorders were also assessed and compared. Method: Individuals from Buenos Aires, Argentina, were surveyed in order to measure the social distance given to people with mental illnesses and a neurological disease. For that purpose a modified version of the Bogardus scale was used, with a sample of 500 individuals contacted online in January 2021. Results: Social distance toward people with mental illnesses was higher than those with a neurological disorder (epilepsy). A significant difference was found in the level of responsibility attributed to people with substance use disorder in comparison to the other illnesses. On the contrary, there were no significant differences of discrimination according to age or sex. Finally, the research outcomes showed that people with substance use disorder are the most discriminated against and stigmatized. Conclusion: A significant level of discrimination was found against individuals with mental disorders and, specially, toward people with substance use disorder. Moreover, they are perceived as responsible for their disorder. For this reason, anti-stigma campaigns should be directed to end the misconceptions toward the most discriminated groups. More support is needed to counteract the stigmatization and exclusion of individuals with mental and neurological disorders in our society.

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Evaluación del estigma hacia personas con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia mediante una escala de conocimiento

Cited by 8 publications

References 31 publications

An Integrative Program to Reduce Stigma in Primary Healthcare Workers Toward People With Diagnosis of Severe Mental Disorders: A Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

An Integrative Program to Reduce Stigma in Primary Healthcare Workers Toward People With Diagnosis of Severe Mental Disorders: A Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

Estigma asociado a la esquizofrenia con estudiantes de Ingeniería en Sistemas en dos universidades privadas de Santo Domingo

Discrimination and social stigma against people with mental illnesses in Argentina

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