Evaluación de la infectividad de comunidades de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares

Abstract

Resumen: La infectividad, definida como la capacidad de una especie aislada para establecer rápidamente una colonización micorrízica extensa en las raíces de las plantas de prueba, el presente trabajo evaluó en HMAs seleccionados y aislados del campo experimental. Se realizaron diferentes experimentos para evaluar la germinación de esporas y el crecimiento de hifas, utilizando el método "sándwich" o las placas de múltiples pocillos. En los aislamientos de F. mosseae, las tasas de germinación de esporocarpios oscilaron entre 52% y 89%, las esporas de R. fulgida mostraron 69% de porcentaje de germinación. La capacidad de los aislamientos de HMAs para formar apresorios que dan lugar a puntos de entrada que colonizan las raíces fue variable, y los valores variaron de 1.6 a 6.1 puntos de entrada cm raíz-1. En consecuencia, la colonización micorrízica osciló entre el 2% y el 31%.Palabras clave ─ Infectividad, hifas, aislamiento, hongos.Abstract: Infectivity, defined as the ability of an isolated species to rapidly establish an extensive mycorrhizal colonization in the roots of the test plants, the present work evaluated in selected AMFs isolated from the experimental field. Different experiments were carried out to evaluate spore germination and hypha growth, using the "sandwich" method or the multi-well plates. In F. mosseae isolates, sporocarp germination rates ranged between 52% and 89%, R. fulgida spores showed 69% germination percentage. The ability of the HMA isolates to form appressoria that give rise to entry points that colonize the roots was variable, and the values ranged from 1.6 to 6.1 input points cm root-1. Consequently, mycorrhizal colonization ranged between 2% and 31%.

Indicadores de colonización de hongos micorrícicos arbusculares en “papa” (Solanum tuberosum L.)

“…Infectivity refers to the ability of the fungus to penetrate and invade the root intensely and explore the ground, as well as its ability to persist in the productive system 8 . It is influenced by various parameters, such as spore germination, growth of pre-symbiotic mycelia, the formation of appressoria, and intraradical growth 9 . They are currently used in biofertilizers produced from AMF to improve agricultural production, species are especially important native as they present greater possibilities of effectiveness in the field, as they are adapted to conditions of the soil of each region 10 .…”

“…(control) and 16 pots inoculated with AMF spores, each treatment with a different species. (G. fasciculatum, E. infrequens, F. geosporum, C. etunicatum)9,10 . The coding used for the treatments was: T (Control), Fg (Funneliformis geosporum), Ce (C. etunicatum), Gf (G. fasciculatum), Ei (E. infrequens).…”

Plant Height and Stem Diameter of Solanum quitoense Lamarck Improved with Applications of AMF and Biostimulants

“…In Mexico, 143 known AMF species [26] are evaluated in order to improve the production of various tropical crops [27][28][29], from nursery conditions, phytosanitary quality, transplant resistance, height, vigor, as well as fruit quantity and postharvest quality. Based on the above, the growth and development of lulo plants inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi (Funneliformis mosseae and Entrophospora colombiana) accompanied by fertilization using diammonium phosphate (18N-46P-00K) in cloud forest soils was evaluated under the hypothesis that inoculation using AMF contributes to the adaptation and establishment of S. quitoense as an alternative crop in Mexico.…”