Evaluación de ensilaje de triticale inoculado con bacterias homolácticas en minisilos de laboratorio

Abstract

In two experiments, we studied the characteristics of ensiling and aerobic stability of triticale (x Triticosecale spp.) ensiled with or without a homolactic bacterial inoculant (HBI). The first experiment used 60 vacuum-sealed 0.946 L glass jar mini-silos (GJ) to determine the effect of ensiling on pH, dry matter recovery (DMR) and temperature. Three GJ per treatment were opened on d 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 14, 30, 105 and 123 of fermentation. Across all lengths of fermentation, inoculation decreased (P<0.05) average silage pH and temperature upon opening the mini-silos but did not influence (P>0.05) DMR versus the Non-HBI silage. Both silages had a similar (P>0.05) pH at the end of 123 d of fermentation. The second experiment compared the nutritional and fermentation characteristics and aerobic stability of triticale ensiled with or without HBI for 123 d in either 3L PVC mini-silos packed manually (PVC) or vacuum-sealed GJ. There was little difference (P>0.05) in silage nutrient content using PVC or GJ mini-silos, nor did inoculation affect these variables. Ensiling triticale decreased (P<0.05) its 30 h neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility, the lowest value being that of Non-HBI/ PVC silage, which differed (P<0.05) from the HBI/PVC silage, but these did not differ (P>0.05) from the GJ silages. Differences among silages were not found (P>0.05) in NDF at 240 h (uNDF240), total tract NDF digestion (TTNDFD) and rate of NDF digestion (NDFkd). Triticale ensiled well in GJ, however the amount of material ensiled may have been too small to detect differences due to inoculation.

Models of Laboratory Mini-Silos to Study the Fermentation of Wilted Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa) Using a Homolactic Bacterial Inoculant

“…The bulkiness (NDF content) of each type of forage influences packing density. Solórzano et al (2016b) achieved packing densities with triticale of approximately 34.7 kg DM/m 3 whereas in the present study we achieved densities >154 kg DM/m 3 using the same type of mini-silo. We agree with the conclusion reached by Solórzano et al (2016a) that treatment differences in fermentation characteristics due to inoculation have a greater opportunity to be expressed in stressed silages, or in this case, lower density packed mini-silos compared with mini-silos packed with a high density that are more conductive to proper and efficient fermentation.…”

“…The DMR was not affected by treatment and averaged 96.2% across all treatments. Fermentation results from this study suggest that 1L mini-silos replicated four-times are suitable for the detection of treatment differences in alfalfa silage, which differs from the conclusion by Solórzano et al (2016b) with triticale silage. For 3L mini-silos, however, greater replication may be needed to determine treatment differences.…”

“…The 1 L PVC or glass mini-silos were filled with about 300 g of the same wilted forage. The PVC mini-silos utilized in this study used a one-way mechanism to vent gas, thus differing from those reported by Solórzano et al (2016b).…”

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To study and understand silage fermentation, there is a need for research using laboratory mini-silos that permit the control of variables and the assessment of different experimental treatments through replication. Research tools, such as mini-silos, are cost effective alternatives that require a small sample size and reduced labor (Solórzano et al, 2016b). Most laboratory silos require manual packing.

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