Eutrophication of Shallow Temperate Lakes

Phillips, Geoff

doi:10.1002/9780470750506.ch10

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…other limiting nutrients (e.g. TN, (Dolman et al, 2012;Downing, Watson, & Mccauley, 2001)), grazer densities (Jeppesen, Peder Jensen, Søndergaard, Lauridsen, & Landkildehus, 2000), competition with macrophytes (Phillips, 2005), light climate (Mischke, 2003) and past events such as remediation and associated hysteresis (França et al, 2016;Scheffer, 1998) or recovery from acidification (Battarbee et al, 2014). Furthermore, the use of lake types as categorical variables may have reduced their explanatory power.…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of multiple stressors on cyanobacteria abundance vary with lake type

Richardson

Miller

Maberly

et al. 2018

Global Change Biology

101

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Blooms of cyanobacteria are a current threat to global water security that is expected to increase in the future because of increasing nutrient enrichment, increasing temperature and extreme precipitation in combination with prolonged drought. However, the responses to multiple stressors, such as those above, are often complex and there is contradictory evidence as to how they may interact. Here we used broad scale data from 494 lakes in central and northern Europe, to assess how cyanobacteria respond to nutrients (phosphorus), temperature and water retention time in different types of lakes. Eight lake types were examined based on factorial combinations of major factors that determine phytoplankton composition and sensitivity to nutrients: alkalinity (low and medium-high), colour (clear and humic) and mixing intensity (polymictic and stratified). In line with expectations, cyanobacteria increased with temperature and retention time in five of the eight lake types. Temperature effects were greatest in lake types situated at higher latitudes, suggesting that lakes currently not at risk could be affected by warming in the future. However, the sensitivity of cyanobacteria to temperature, retention time and phosphorus varied among lake types highlighting the complex responses of lakes to multiple stressors. For example, in polymictic, medium-high alkalinity, humic lakes cyanobacteria biovolume was positively explained by retention time and a synergy between TP and temperature, while in polymictic, medium-high alkalinity, clear lakes only retention time was identified as an explanatory variable. These results show that, although climate change will need to be accounted for when managing the risk of cyanobacteria in lakes, a "one-size fits-all" approach is not appropriate. When forecasting the response of cyanobacteria to future environmental change, including changes caused by climate and local management, it will be important to take this differential sensitivity of lakes into account.

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Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of multiple stressors on cyanobacteria abundance vary with lake type

Richardson

Miller

Maberly

et al. 2018

Global Change Biology

101

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“…Generally, there are two distinguished features in small and shallow lakes. First, weak stratification is commonly observed in a shallow water system (mean depths 3-4 m), where wind-and cooling-induced mixing reaches the lake bottom [7]. This weak stratification modifies the vertical velocity profile, which can affect the spatial distributions of plankton communities [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature and Circulation Dynamics in a Small and Shallow Lake: Effects of Weak Stratification and Littoral Submerged Macrophytes

Torma

2019

Water

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In this paper, the effects of littoral submerged macrophytes on weak stratification conditions in a small and shallow lake are investigated. Diverse submerged macrophytes occupying a large portion of the littoral zone act as resistance to water motions and affect lake hydrodynamics. Strong solar radiation and mild wind forcing typically occurring during the summer season result in weak stratification characterized by a diurnal cycle with a temperature differential of 1-3 • C. Temperature and circulation dynamics of a small and shallow lake are depicted by extensive field measurements and a three-dimensional non-hydrostatic model with a generic length scale (GLS) approach for the turbulence closure and drag forces induced by macrophytes. Results show that the effects of macrophytes on velocity profiles are apparent. In the pelagic area, the circulation patterns with and without macrophytes are similar. The velocity profile is generally characterized by a two-layer structure with the maximum velocity at both the water surface and the mid-depth. In contrast, inside the littoral zone, the mean flow is retarded by macrophytes and the velocity profile is changed to only one maximum velocity at the surface with a steeper decrease until 2.0 m depth and another slight decrease to the lake bottom. From the whole lake perspective, littoral macrophytes dampen the horizontal water temperature difference between the upwind side and download side of the lake. Macrophytes promote a stronger temperature stratification by retarding mean flows and reducing vertical mixing. Overall, this study shows that the temperature structures and circulation patterns under weak stratification conditions in a small and shallow lake are strongly affected by littoral vegetation.

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“…Its impact is of growing global concern in view of its multiple adverse consequences on the structure and functioning of affected ecosystems (e.g. Holdren, 2001;Jeppesen et al, 2003b;Osborne, 2005;Phillips, 2005;. Harmful algal blooms (HABs) with adverse ecosystem implications and potential human health problems commonly emerge (Graham, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zooplankton biomass to chlorophyll ratios in relation to trophic status within and between ten South African reservoirs: Causal inferences, and implications for biomanipulation

Hart¹

2011

WSA

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Rising eutrophication in South African reservoirs is of major concern, leading to the consideration of top-down biomanipulation as a management option -reducing zooplankton-eating fish to sustain zooplankton grazing pressure and thus restrict autotrophic plankton that proliferate with nutrient increases. The biomass ratio of zooplankton to phytoplankton (ZB/PB) is used as an index of the likely value of biomanipulation to achieve this outcome, but values have not been explored for South African systems. Using chlorophyll (Chl) as a surrogate for PB, available ZB/Chl data are assembled for the first time for ten reservoirs of three types (minerally-turbid systems, oligo/mesotrophic clear water systems, and eutrophic/hypertrophic systems), and the results are discussed in relation to a generalised conceptual model proposed. With the exception of one minerally-turbid system, ZB/Chl values decline quasi-exponentially with rising chlorophyll within individual reservoirs. Conversely, between individual systems, median (or mean) values of ZB/Chl conversely increase rather than decline with rising trophic status -broadly contradicting observations reported elsewhere. Underlying causal reasons for the observed pattern and its implications for biomanipulation are considered. This assessment evaluates: the negative impacts of general declines in food quality that stem from rising eutrophication on zooplankton feeding ability and resulting seasonal changes in ZB and community structure; prospects of food sources other than living autochthonous autotrophs in sustaining ZB between systems; and inferences about fish predation pressure on zooplankton, derived from empirical data regarding the large body sizes of species and individuals of Daphnia that occur in the reservoirs. Observed increases in median ZB/Chl ratios with rising nutrient status are consistent with the inference that obligate visual zooplanktivorous fishes are scarce or absent, particularly in eutrophic reservoirs, suggesting that biomanipulative management is unlikely to assist in controlling the consequences of nutrient enrichment in local reservoirs.

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Eutrophication of Shallow Temperate Lakes

Cited by 7 publications

References 75 publications

Effects of multiple stressors on cyanobacteria abundance vary with lake type

Effects of multiple stressors on cyanobacteria abundance vary with lake type

Temperature and Circulation Dynamics in a Small and Shallow Lake: Effects of Weak Stratification and Littoral Submerged Macrophytes

Zooplankton biomass to chlorophyll ratios in relation to trophic status within and between ten South African reservoirs: Causal inferences, and implications for biomanipulation

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