Eustatic Sea Level 120,000 Years Ago on Oahu, Hawaii

Ku, Teh‐Lung; Kimmel, Margaret A.; Easton, William Heyden; O'Neil, Thomas J.

doi:10.1126/science.183.4128.959

Cited by 155 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The U-series ages of corals reported by Ku et al (1974), Szabo et al (1994), Muhs and Szabo (1994), and the present study allow identification of those fossil mollusk localities on Oahu that date to the Last Interglacial period. Of the numerous localities reported by Ostergaard (1928) and Kosuge (1969), only Kahuku Point and Kahe Point (Fig.…”

Section: Oahu Hawaiisupporting

confidence: 59%

“…2). Some, although not all, of this limestone belongs to the Waimanalo Formation of Lum and Stearns (1970), which dates to the Last Interglacial period (Ku et al, 1974;Muhs and Szabo, 1994;Szabo et al, 1994). The Waimanalo Formation consists of corals in growth position, usually overlain by poorly sorted marine conglomerate with coral and basalt clasts.…”

Section: Oahu Hawaiimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We further hypothesize that on a tectonically stable island such as Bermuda, characterized mostly by patch reefs, past sea level records should overlap with, but not be as old as those of tectonically rising islands with fringing reef communities. Although there have already been extensive alpha-spectrometric U-series dating efforts on Oahu (Ku et al, 1974;Muhs and Szabo, 1994) and Bermuda (Harmon et al, 1978(Harmon et al, , 1983, testing of these hypotheses requires high-precision TIMS U-series dating. Szabo et al (1994) reported a large suite of TIMS U-series ages of corals from Oahu, but two-sigma analytical uncertainties of these ages range from 1 to 6 ka.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Timing and warmth of the Last Interglacial period: new U-series evidence from Hawaii and Bermuda and a new fossil compilation for North America

Muhs

Simmons

Steinke

2002

Quaternary Science Reviews

186

202

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The timing and duration of the Last Interglacial period have been controversial, with some studies suggesting a relatively short duration that is orbitally forced and others suggesting a long duration that is at most only partly related to orbital forcing. New, high-precison thermal ionization mass spectrometric (TIMS) U-series ages of Last Interglacial corals from Hawaii and Bermuda test these competing hypotheses. Waimanalo Formation corals from slowly uplifting Oahu, Hawaii range in age from B134 to B113 ka, with most ages between B125 and B115 ka. Combined with published U-series ages from nearby Lanai, the data suggest a long Last Interglacial period that may have occurred from B136 to at least 115 ka. The results indicate that orbital forcing may not have been the only control on ice sheet growth and decay, because sea level would have been high at times of relatively low Northern Hemisphere summer insolation. On tectonically stable Bermuda, deposits from the B200 ka (penultimate interglacial period), B120 ka (peak Last Interglacial period) and B80 ka (late Last Interglacial period) high sea stands have been newly dated. Fossil corals on Bermuda are derived from patch reefs that likely were ''catch-up'' responses to sea level rise. It is expected that U-series ages of Last-Interglacial corals on Bermuda should overlap with, but not be as old as the range of corals on Oahu. Last-Interglacial corals on Bermuda give a range of B125-113 ka, which supports this hypothesis.A large number of emergent marine deposits on Hawaii, Bermuda and along coastal North America have now been dated to the Last Interglacial period. Both Oahu and Bermuda have marine invertebrate faunas with a number of extralimital southern species of mollusks, suggesting warmer-than-present waters during the Last Interglacial period. Warmer waters are also suggested for LastInterglacial localities around most of North America, from Florida to Canada and Greenland and Baja California to Alaska. These observations are consistent with similar warm-water faunas of Last-Interglacial age reported from Japan, the Mediterranean basin and Western Australia. It is likely that significant changes in ocean currents took place during the Last Interglacial period, with a movement of relatively warm waters to higher latitudes than is the case today. r

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Section: Oahu Hawaiisupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Oahu Hawaiimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Timing and warmth of the Last Interglacial period: new U-series evidence from Hawaii and Bermuda and a new fossil compilation for North America

Muhs

Simmons

Steinke

2002

Quaternary Science Reviews

186

202

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Since Laguncularia, the last of the three species to arrive in the region, established along the Caribbean coast, sea level has exceeded the current level by as much as 20 m during several interglacial periods (Haq et al 1987). As recently as the last interglacial period -128-116 thousand years ago, sea level was -2-8 m above present levels (Ku et al 1974, Chen et al 1991, Gallup et al 1994, Szabo et al 1994, Stirling et al 1998, Hearty and Neumann 2001, Potter and Lambeck 2003, Schellmann and Radtke 2004, Siddall et al 2006. Therefore, since establishing in the Caribbean, all three species have lived at substantially higher shore levels than they presently do, and their distributions have presumably shifted up and down with changes in sea level.…”

Section: Criticisms Of the Tidal Sorting Hypothesis (Tsh)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Supply-Side Ecology in Mangroves: Do Propagule Dispersal and Seedling Establishment Explain Forest Structure?

Sousa

Kennedy

Mitchell

et al. 2007

Ecological Monographs

121

103

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Abstract. Theory and empirical evidence suggest that spatial and temporal variation in propagule availability can have as great or greater an influence on community structure as post-recruitment biotic interactions, a phenomenon known as supply-side ecology. One of the first theories to invoke supply-side dynamics, D. Rabinowitz's Tidal Sorting Hypothesis (TSH), attributed the tidal zonation of mangrove tree species to the interacting effects of water depth and propagule size on dispersal and establishment. According to the TSH, smaller propagules are carried farther inland by flood tides than larger ones, stranding and establishing in greater numbers at upper tidal elevations. In contrast, larger propagules are better able to establish in deeper, more seaward areas because their size affords greater access to the soil surface and resistance to buffeting by moving water. Here we present results of the first comprehensive investigation of the TSH. In a series of experiments conducted at Punta Galeta on the Caribbean coast of Panama, we quantified patterns of propagule dispersal and establishment of the three dominant species: Avicennia germinans, Laguncularia racemosa, and Rhizophora mangle.To measure dispersal patterns, we monitored movements (directions and distances) of marked propagules released at three elevations along each of three transects. On all transects, regardless of species or elevation, propagules moved seaward rather than being carried inland by tides, as predicted by the TSH. Rates of seedling establishment were monitored in experiments conducted at different tidal elevations. Contrary to the TSH, all three species established best in the lower intertidal, where they were in prolonged contact with the soil surface during low tides, and established more poorly in the upper intertidal basin, where standing water made rooting difficult. Seedling establishment was lowest in the wave-exposed, back reef habitat, but in accordance with the TSH, the large propagules of Rhizophora rooted and persisted better in this turbulent habitat than did the smaller propagules of the other species.We conclude that the TSH does not explain the vertical distributions of mangrove species on Punta Galeta. Rather, a different form of supply-side dynamics imposed by the strong seaward movement of dispersing propagules is important in structuring our study forests.

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“…Since Barnes et al (1956) proposed the uraniumionium (230Th) method of dating, many works have been performed for dating of fossil corals Bloom et al, 1974;Ku et al, 1974; and see the references therein).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%