EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration combined with flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry in the diagnosis of lymphoma

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma

“…This has been evidenced by studies showing that nonHodgkin lymphomas can be accurately diagnosed in cytologic specimens utilizing ancillary techniques such as immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry. 4,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] In the REAL classification, ATLL belongs to the category of peripheral T-cell and natural killer cell neoplasms. Although several reports of peripheral Tcell lymphoma have been published in the cytology literature, [33][34][35][36][37] we are aware of only a single cytologic study of T-cell lymphoma in HTLV-1 positive patients.…”

Primary pancreatic lymphomas

“…FC is extremely sensitive in the detection of antigen expression and identifies small clonal populations. 10,11 FC analysis distinguishes lymphomas from chronic pancreatitis through the detection of clonality based on surface Ig light chain expression studies. In lymphomas, Ig light chain expression is usually restricted to either kappa or lambda, whereas inflammatory processes reveal a mixed expression of kappa and lambda light chains.…”

Evaluation of the adequacy and diagnostic accuracy of the histology samples obtained with a newly designed 19-gauge EUS histology needle

“…However, inflammation causes a reactive and regenerative process leading to cellular changes undistinguishable from well-differentiated neoplasia. Moreover, certain neoplasms such as lymphoma and stromal tumors require histological samples for diagnosis, since tissue architecture and cell morphology are essential in these cases for accurate pathological assessment and immunohistochemical analysis (5,(8)(9)(10).…”