is Professor of Tourism Management at Manchester Metropolitan University. In addition to three books, he has published many papers on tourist issues relating to culture, the arts, sexuality, destination image and Central and Eastern Europe.
Danielle Allenis Project Associate for the Manchester Metropolitan University study of Central and Eastern Europe. She has experience in arts management, and has conducted extensive research on behalf of the International Tourism Centre at Manchester Metropolitan University.
ABSTRACT The European Union (EU) was joined by several new members in 2004.Eight of these were Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries that had, at one time, had communist governments and centralised economies. This paper describes a study of tourist board offi cials ' views on the tourism outcomes of the accession and the factors infl uencing those outcomes. The offi cials represented the eight CEE countries, and, through individual interviews, their opinions were sought in order to obtain an ' informed ' view of post-2004. Predictions for tourism had been optimistic, and these interviewees confi rmed that the outcomes had been generally favourable. In particular, they considered that there had been an increased tourism infl ow (especially from the United Kingdom) and a shift in the tourism profi le towards tourists with wider interests and whose destinations within the countries were more spatially dispersed. Although publicity just before, and at the time of, accession had contributed to this, the most signifi cant infl uence was believed to have been participation in the EU internal air transport market. The accession of 2004 was, in many respects, less a step-change in economies and in tourism patterns than the culmination of adjustment processes that had been ongoing since the late 1980s. Nonetheless, it was marked by an uplift, the long-term effects of which have yet to be determined.