European soil sampling guidelines for soil pollution studies

Theocharopoulos, Sideris; Wagner, Gerhard; Sprengart, J; Mohr, Manuel; Desaules, André; Muntau, H.; Christou, M.; Quevauviller, Ph.

doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(00)00611-2

Cited by 86 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The sampling strategy followed the European soil-sampling guidelines [40], and sampling locations covered all environmental hotspots in Qatar, including industrial areas, oil and gas sites, traffic networks, harbors and airports, residential areas, solid waste dumping sites and water treatment plants. The geographical coordinates of each sampling location were recorded using a GPS (global positioning system) with 5-m precision (Figure 1).…”

Section: Soil Sampling and Laboratory Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Mapping of Toxic Metals in Qatari Soils Using Remote Sensing and Ancillary Data

Kheir

Adhikari

et al. 2016

Remote Sensing

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After decades of mining and industrialization in Qatar, it is important to estimate their impact on soil pollution with toxic metals. The study utilized 300 topsoil (0-30 cm) samples, multi-spectral images (Landsat 8), spectral indices and environmental variables to model and map the spatial distribution of arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in Qatari soils. The prediction model used condition-based rules generated in the Cubist tool. In terms of R 2 and the ratio of performance to interquartile distance (RPIQ), the models showed good predictive capabilities for all elements. Of all of the prediction results, Cu had the highest R 2 = 0.74, followed by As > Pb > Cr > Zn > Ni. This study found that all of the models only chose images from January and February as predictors, which indicates that images from these two months are important for soil toxic metals' monitoring in arid soils, due to the climate and the vegetation cover during this season. Topsoil maps of the six toxic metals were generated. The maps can be used to prioritize the choice of remediation measures and can be applied to other arid areas of similar environmental/socio-economic conditions and pollution causes.

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Section: Soil Sampling and Laboratory Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Mapping of Toxic Metals in Qatari Soils Using Remote Sensing and Ancillary Data

Kheir

Adhikari

et al. 2016

Remote Sensing

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“…This is the case for spectroscopic techniques such as XANES and XAS, which are less accessible, more expensive, and sometimes may not be sensitive enough for background samples [33]. Because uncertainty resulting from sampling and sample pretreatment can have a major impact on the final results even when the most sophisticated techniques are applied [6,9], accurate and well described sampling, sample pretreatment and application of standard analytical protocols are crucial in obtaining reliable results [17,86,87]. Uncertainty associated with the analytical results is an issue of major interest for the whole analytical community.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reproducibility of the results is a key issue in environmental studies, especially if it is desired to compare results for soils from different areas, which might have been sampled, treated and analyzed by different people and with different methods [86]. Fortunati and Pasturenzi [7] stated that the error arising from sampling on location is typically larger than that linked to the preparation, manipulation and analysis of the sample.…”

Section: Reproducibility Of the Data And Reference Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Appropriate sampling strategy and analytical methodology to address contamination by industry. Part 2: Geochemistry and speciation analysis

Shtiza

Swennen

2011

Open Geosciences

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Abstract:The degree of contamination in soils, sediments and dusts can be assessed based on knowledge of a variety of factors, such as industrialization, type of contaminants, deposition conditions, contamination-control techniques, along with the characteristics of the recipient environmental compartments, which include pathways for contamination transport, depth of infiltration, and degree of groundwater contamination. The impact of contaminants also depends on the quantity, mobility and speciation of contaminants/wastes as well as on the sensitivity of the recipient compartments. With sufficient knowledge of these factors, a number of conclusions can be drawn concerning the status of contamination in industrialized areas. This literature review aims to scrutinize some of the methods used to analyse the occurrence, speciation, mobility, bioavailability and likely the toxic effects of contaminants in the environment. IntroductionThe intensive industrial production and transformation of ores and metals, and particularly, the transportation and storage of contaminants/wastes in the environment in the last hundred years have produced large quantities of waste. Erosion and weathering of contaminated soils and wastes results in the release of heavy metals and metalloids into nearby rivers and sediments [1]. To * E-mail: aurela_shtiza@yahoo.com; Tel: +3292417738; Fax: +3292424445 investigate the pollution levels and the mobility of the heavy metals and metalloids classical and/or innovative techniques can be used [2]. To measure contamination levels and assess heavy metal mobility is a challenging task because many factors affect the occurrence and the mobility of heavy metals, such as pH, solubility, cation exchange capacity, presence of clays, acid/base neutralizing capacity of soils/sediments, and so on. The selection of an appropriate conceptual sampling model requires that the entire surface under investigation is characterized accurately and any 'hot spots' are properly represented in the sampling inventory [3].The development of a conceptual model and the selection of appropriate sampling media for characterization of con-53 Unauthenticated Download Date | 5/12/18 5:19 PM Appropriate sampling strategy and analytical methodology to address contamination by industry.Part 2: Geochemistry and speciation analysis taminants were addressed in the first part of this article [4]. Once the sampling types are selected and collected, the measurement protocols are applied. An analytical protocol is a specific procedure to make observations, determine the characteristics, and conclusions for each sample or for a group of samples [5]. Analytical chemistry has become the science that does not just provide the results, but the best strategy to measure chemical properties of various sampling media. Selection of appropriate sampling types, sample collection, sample pre-treatment and chemistry analysis are the main subsequent steps that will infer the contamination in a specific site [6]. The aim of this literature review is to ...

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“…Four basic stages are commonly defined (for example, [8]) which help determine the representativeness and reliability of any results: Stage 1, presampling assessment and plan; Stage 2, soil sampling; Stage 3, soil preanalysis treatment (which includes soil preparation and storage); and Stage 4, soil analysis. The emphasis in this chapter is placed upon the first three stages, with aspects of the analysis stage described in Chapter 4.…”

Section: Soil Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Sampling and Sample Preparation

Edwards

2010

Trace Elements in Soils

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Soils are sampled and analysed in order to characterize a range of attributes and provide a value (or range of values) that is indicative of a specified area. For trace elements, sampling may be undertaken for the purpose of providing their soil concentration, which can then be used to assess the degree of site contamination. Trace elements are introduced in soils through a variety of sources which differ widely in their composition. Typical delivery is to the soil surface through a combination of passive (for example, atmospheric deposition) or active (for example, spreading of contaminated materials) mechanisms and supplement background 'geochemical' sources. The change in total content (dG/dt) over a time period (t) of a soil contaminant (G) depends on the input rate at the soil surface (plough) layer (A), the leaching rate at the lower boundary of the system (L) and the removal by harvesting plants (U) [1]:The source plus delivery mechanism influence not only the absolute metal concentrations likely to be present in soil, but also a combination of the spatial distribution and chemical form/species present. Some historical knowledge of the contributing sources and site management can be of considerable help to the design of a sampling plan, sample collection and preparation stages. An indication of the degree of accumulation or loss of Trace Elements in SoilsEdited by Peter S. Hooda

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European soil sampling guidelines for soil pollution studies

Cited by 86 publications

References 3 publications

Digital Mapping of Toxic Metals in Qatari Soils Using Remote Sensing and Ancillary Data

Digital Mapping of Toxic Metals in Qatari Soils Using Remote Sensing and Ancillary Data

Appropriate sampling strategy and analytical methodology to address contamination by industry. Part 2: Geochemistry and speciation analysis

Soil Sampling and Sample Preparation

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