European research platform IPANEMA at the SOLEIL synchrotron for ancient and historical materials

Bertrand, Loïc; Languille, Marie-Angélique; Cohen, Serge; Robinet, Laurianne; Gervais, Claire; Leroy, Stéphanie; Bernard, D.; Pennec, Erwan Le; Josse, W.; Doucet, J.; Schöder, Sébastian

doi:10.1107/s090904951102334x

Cited by 30 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…XANES maps were acquired over areas of 150 µm × 150 µm, with 5 µm step size and 1 s acquisition time per point, centering the area as 50 µm above surface and 100 µm below surface (that is, inside the sample paste). For comparison, on the same analysis area scanned at PUMA, traditional microchemical investigation was performed by SEM-EDS at IPANEMA facility labs [42] by using a ZEISS Supra55VP SEM-EDS with a Schottky Field Emission Gun (FEG) equipped with a Bruker EDS system. Measurements were carried out without any metal coating on the sample surface to assure a non-invasive and non-destructive testing; nevertheless, to obtain better images and microanalysis, studied samples were wrapped in aluminum foil leaving out a small window in the region of interest to analyze.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchrotron X-ray Microprobes: An Application on Ancient Ceramics

et al. 2021

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Synchrotron X-ray µ- and nano-probes are increasingly affirming their relevance in cultural heritage applications, especially in material characterization of tiny and complex micro-samples which are typical from archaeological and artistic artifacts. For such purposes, synchrotron radiation facilities are tailoring and optimizing beamlines and set-ups for CH, taking also advantages from the challenges offered by the third-generation radiation sources. In ancient ceramics studies, relevant information for the identification of production centers and manufacture technology can be obtained in a non-invasive and non-destructive way at the micro-sample level by combining different SR based methods. However, the selection of appropriate beamlines, techniques and set-ups are critical for the success of the experiments. Fine and varnished wares (e.g., Attic and western-Greek colonial products) are an excellent case study for exploring challenges offered by synchrotron X-ray microprobes optimized to collect microchemical and phase-distribution maps. The determination of provenance and/or technological tracers is relevant in correctly classifying productions, often based only on ceramic paste, gloss macroscopic features or style. In addition, when these vessels are preserved in Museums as masterpieces or intact pieces the application of non-invasive approach at the micro sample is strictly required. Well-designed synchrotron µXRF and µXANES mapping experiments are able providing relevant clues for discriminating workshops and exploring technological aspects, which are fundamental in answering the current archaeological questions on varnished Greek or western-Greek colonial products.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchrotron X-ray Microprobes: An Application on Ancient Ceramics

et al. 2021

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“…The chemical composition of the fossil was investigated using synchrotron-based micro X-ray fluorescence (µXRF) mapping, as well as SEM imaging coupled to energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. µXRF maps were collected at the DiffAbs beamline of the SOLEIL synchrotron (Gif-sur-Yvette, France) 63 , using an excitation energy of 17.2 keV, selected for excitation of K-lines from phosphorus to yttrium and L-lines from cadmium to lead. The incoming X-ray beam was collimated by 2 bendable mirrors, monochromatized using a Si(111) double-crystal monochromator (energy resolution: 0.7 eV) and focused using Kirkpatrick-Baez mirrors down to a spot size of 11 × 7 µm 2 (H × V, full width at half maximum).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exceptional preservation of a Cretaceous intestine provides a glimpse of the early ecological diversity of spiny-rayed fishes (Acanthomorpha, Teleostei)

Davesne

Guériau

Dutheil

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Acanthomorph teleosts (spiny-rayed fishes) account for approximately a third of extant vertebrate species. They appeared during the Late Cretaceous and have been a major component of aquatic biodiversity since the early Cenozoic. They occupy today most trophic levels and ecological niches in aquatic environments, however very little is known about those that were adopted by the earliest representatives of the group. Here, we report on an exceptional glimpse into the ecological diversity of early spiny-rayed fishes provided by the unusual preservation of a newly discovered specimen of the freshwater acanthomorph Spinocaudichthys from the Upper Cretaceous of Morocco. A combination of major-to-trace elemental mapping methods reveals that the gross morphology of the specimen’s intestine has been remarkably preserved owing to the rapid mineralization of iron hydroxides around it. Differing with the typically short and straight intestinal tract of carnivorous teleosts, the intestine in Spinocaudichthys is long and highly convoluted, indicating a probable herbivorous diet. Acanthomorphs would therefore have conquered various ecological niches in their early evolutionary history, prior to their subsequent phylogenetic diversification in both marine and freshwater environments that followed the K-Pg extinction event.

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“…In recent years many spectacular synchrotron experiments have been performed in the field of ancient and historical materials with a strong increase over the past ten years (Bertrand et al, 2011;Cotte et al, 2005). Most major synchrotron techniques are employed in this field, such as X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, X-ray absorption spectroscopy and computed tomography.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colouration mechanism of underglaze copper-red decoration porcelain (AD 13th–14th century), China

Zhu

Duan

Yang

et al. 2014

J Synchrotron Radiat

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Underglaze copper-red decoration, i.e. the copper colourant used to paint diversified patterns on the surface of a body and then covered by transparent glaze and fired at high temperature in a reductive firing environment, is famous all over the world. However, the red colouration mechanism generated by underglaze copper remains unclear. In particular, the fact that the edges of the red patterns are orange has been ignored in previous research. Here, non-destructive analysis has been carried out on a precious fragment of early underglaze red porcelain using synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence, X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) and reflection spectrometry techniques. The results suggest that the copper content in the red region is higher than that in the orange region, and other colour generation elements do not have obvious content difference, indicating that the colour generation effect of the underglaze red product is related to the copper content. XANES analysis shows that the valence states of copper in the red and orange regions are similar and metal copper contributes to their hues. The results of reflection spectrometry demonstrate that tiny orange hues could be attributed to the Mie scatting effect. Therefore, light-scattering effects should be considered when researching the colouration mechanism of underglaze red.

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European research platform IPANEMA at the SOLEIL synchrotron for ancient and historical materials

Cited by 30 publications

References 55 publications

Synchrotron X-ray Microprobes: An Application on Ancient Ceramics

Synchrotron X-ray Microprobes: An Application on Ancient Ceramics

Exceptional preservation of a Cretaceous intestine provides a glimpse of the early ecological diversity of spiny-rayed fishes (Acanthomorpha, Teleostei)

Colouration mechanism of underglaze copper-red decoration porcelain (AD 13th–14th century), China

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