European forests under global climate change: Review of tree growth processes, crises and management strategies

Vacek, Zdeněk; Vacek, Stanislav; Cukor, Jan

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117353

Cited by 62 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 264 publications

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“…This dominance can be ascribed to a convergence of factors. Initially, Europe benefits from well-maintained forests that are subject to rigorous management, guaranteeing a consistent and sustainable supply of timber, which is a foundational element in mass timber construction [77]. Furthermore, the continent features an extensive framework of strict environmental regulations, underscoring a dedication to environmentally responsible construction methods and the prudent use of resources [78].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Rise Residential Timber Buildings: Emerging Architectural and Structural Design Trends

Ilgın

2023

Buildings

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High-rise residential timber buildings (≥8 stories) are an emerging and promising domain, primarily owing to their capacity to deliver notable environmental and economic benefits over the entire span of their existence. However, it is worth noting that the current body of scholarly work falls short in providing a thorough examination of the key aspects related to architectural and structural design for these environmentally sustainable towers. In an effort to bridge this knowledge gap and deepen our comprehension of the evolving worldwide trends, this research delved into data collected from 55 case studies conducted across the globe. The primary findings unveiled the following: (1) Europe, particularly Nordic countries, stood out as the region boasting the highest number of high-rise residential timber buildings, with North America and the United Kingdom following suit; (2) central cores were the prevailing choice for the core configuration, with the peripheral type following as the second most common option; (3) prismatic forms were the most commonly favored design choices; (4) widespread prevalence of employing pure timber was observed, followed by timber and concrete composite combinations; and (5) structural systems were predominantly characterized by the utilization of shear walled frame and shear wall systems. This research aims to reveal the current attributes of high-rise residential timber buildings, with the expectation that it will offer architects valuable knowledge to assist and steer them in planning and implementing forthcoming sustainable projects within this domain.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Rise Residential Timber Buildings: Emerging Architectural and Structural Design Trends

Ilgın

2023

Buildings

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“…Bark is vital for the protection of trees and disruption of this outer barrier by e.g., wood-boring insects can lead to enhanced microbial access, decimated coniferous forests worldwide and disruption of global ecosystems 32,33 . Despite its fundamental protective role, how the bark is degraded by microorganisms is not known.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resin acids play key roles in shaping microbial communities during degradation of spruce bark

Ristinmaa

Rangel

Idström

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The bark is the outermost defense of trees against microbial attack, largely thanks to toxicity and prevalence of extractive compounds. Nevertheless, bark decomposes in nature, though by which species and mechanisms remains unknown. Here, we have followed the development of microbial enrichments growing on spruce bark over six months, by monitoring both chemical changes in the material and performing community and metagenomic analyses. Carbohydrate metabolism was unexpectedly limited, and instead a key activity was metabolism of extractives. Resin acid degradation was principally linked to community diversification with specific bacteria revealed to dominate the process. Metagenome-guided isolation facilitated the recovery of the dominant enrichment strain in pure culture, which represents a new species (Pseudomonas abieticivoranssp. nov.), that can grow on resin acids as a sole carbon source. Our results illuminate key stages in degradation of an abundant renewable resource, and how defensive extractive compounds have major roles in shaping microbiomes.

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“…They contribute to air purification [10,11], water resource protection [12], soil conservation [13], and prevention of natural disasters [14] while serving as habitats for numerous flora and fauna. Forests are crucial in climate regulation, making them pivotal in mitigating global warming [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Evaluation and Forecasting Analysis of Touristic Ecological Carrying Capacity of Forest Parks in China

Lu,

Chen

2023

Forests

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Forest park tourism ecological security is the cornerstone of ensuring ecological tourism safety. Delineating the ecological carrying capacity within forest parks is crucial for enhancing the security of forest tourism resources. This study utilizes statistical data from China’s forest parks spanning 2004 to 2019, employing methodologies to comprehensively depict the spatiotemporal dynamic characteristics of forest park tourism ecology in China. Subsequently, this research forecasts the prospective trajectory of forest park tourism ecology in China from 2020 to 2029. The research findings reveal that China’s forest park tourism ecological footprint exhibits oscillating characteristics, while the overall touristic ecological carrying capacity shows a sustained upward trend. However, a significant portion of regions experience deficits in tourism ecology. Notably, the coldspot regions with ecological security features demonstrate relative stability, while the hotspot areas gradually transition from inland to eastern coastal regions. Spatially and temporally, the disparities in touristic ecological profit and deficit depict a “U”-shaped distribution, more pronounced along the east–west axis than the north–south orientation. The migratory shift in the touristic ecological surplus and deficit center gravitates towards the southwest, demonstrating a fluctuating trend characterized by varying migration speeds. The discernible difference between the east and west concerning touristic ecological profit and deficit amplifies the likelihood of imbalance, surpassing disparities between the north and south. Projections suggest a deepening forest park tourism ecological deficit in China from 2020 to 2029, particularly accentuating the unsustainable development of forest park resources in economically developed regions. Through this study, a more comprehensive understanding of the current status and changing trends in the ecological carrying capacity of forest park tourism can be obtained. This research provides theoretical and practical support to promote sustainable tourism development and establishes a solid foundation for the ecological security of future forest park tourism.

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European forests under global climate change: Review of tree growth processes, crises and management strategies

Cited by 62 publications

References 264 publications

High-Rise Residential Timber Buildings: Emerging Architectural and Structural Design Trends

High-Rise Residential Timber Buildings: Emerging Architectural and Structural Design Trends

Resin acids play key roles in shaping microbial communities during degradation of spruce bark

Dynamic Evaluation and Forecasting Analysis of Touristic Ecological Carrying Capacity of Forest Parks in China

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