European and American Subgroup C Isolates of Avian Metapneumovirus belong to Different Genetic Lineages

Toquin, D.; Guionie, Olivier; Jestin, Véronique; Zwingelstein, F.; Allée, Chantal; Eterradossi, Nicolas

doi:10.1007/s11262-005-5850-3

Cited by 67 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Although aMPV subtype C recently emerged in commercial turkey farms, a survey conducted between 2000 and 2002 demonstrated that aMPV subtype C also infects wild birds (e.g., American coots, American crows, Canada geese, cattle egrets, and pigeons) in Georgia, South Carolina, Arkansas, and Ohio (53). Further, the appearance of aMPV subtype C outside the United States (in 1999 in France [51] and in 2005 in South Korea [30]) in different avian species suggests that this recently emerged subgroup of aMPV is geographically distributed across a wide range of avian hosts. Reports of aMPV during the seasonal outbreaks on several commercial turkey farms in and around Minnesota (22, 45,46), together with the recent findings of aMPV subtype C in wild avian species (53) and its wide geographic distribution (30, 51), suggest that this subtype could be a potential threat to poultry industries around the world.…”

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confidence: 99%

Population Dynamics and Rates of Molecular Evolution of a Recently Emerged Paramyxovirus, Avian Metapneumovirus Subtype C

Padhi

Poss

2009

J Virol

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We report the existence of two distinct sublineages of avian metapneumovirus (MPV) subtype C, a virus which has caused serious economic loss in commercial turkey farms in the United States. This subtype is closely related to human MPV, infects multiple avian species, and is globally distributed. The evolutionary rates of this virus are estimated to be 1.3 ؋ 10 ؊3 to 7 ؋ 10 ؊3 substitutions per site per year, and coalescent estimates place its emergence between 1991 and 1996. The four genes examined show a concordant demographic pattern which is characterized by a rapid increase in population size followed by stable population grown until the present.

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confidence: 99%

Population Dynamics and Rates of Molecular Evolution of a Recently Emerged Paramyxovirus, Avian Metapneumovirus Subtype C

Padhi

Poss

2009

J Virol

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“…after infection with four different aMPV/A isolates in two weeks old chicks (data not shown). Although another comparative study in turkeys did not indicate differences between aMPV/A and aMPV/B concerning respiratory signs (Van de Zande et al 1999), similar observations of differences in virulence between these subtypes were found in ducklings, turkeys, and broilers (Toquin et al 2006, Aung et al 2008. Thus, our data indicates differences in replication ability and virulence of type A and B aMPV in chicks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…aMPV subtypes A and B (aMPV/A and aMPV/B) are more widespread in the world, whereas subtype C is found in the United States and in domestic duck breeders in France (Toquin et al 2006) and subtype D was once reported in France (Cook et al 2000. In Brazil, where a high density of poultry farms exists, studies on chicken and turkey ϐlocks demonstrated a high prevalence of aMPV/A and aMPV/B infection , D' Arce et al 2005, with a higher number of aMPV/B circulating in the last years (Chacón et al 2011, Villarreal et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brazilian avian metapneumovirus subtypes A and B: experimental infection of broilers and evaluation of vaccine efficacy

et al. 2012

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RESUMO.-[Metapneumovirus aviário subtipos A e B brasileiros: infecção experimental em frangos de corte e eϐicácia vacinal.] O Metapneumovírus aviário (aMPV) é um patógeno respiratório associado à síndrome da cabeça inchada (SHS) em galinhas. Apesar de vacinas vivas contra o aMPV serem utilizadas no Brasil, os subtipos A e B (aMPV/A e aMPV/B) são ainda encontrados no país, com (aMPV) is a respiratory pathogen associated with the swollen head syndrome (SHS) in chickens. In Brazil, live aMPV vaccines are currently used, but subtypes A and, mainly subtype B (aMPV/A and aMPV/B) are still circulating. This study was conducted to characterize two Brazilian aMPV isolates (A and B subtypes) of chicken origin. A challenge trial to explore the replication ability of the Brazilian subtypes A and B in chickens was performed. Subsequently, virological protection provided from an aMPV/B vaccine against the same isolates was analyzed. Upon challenge experiment, it was shown by virus isolation and real time PCR that aMPV/B could be detected longer and in higher amounts than aMPV/A. For the protection study, 18 one-day-old chicks were vaccinated and challenged at 21 days of age. Using virus isolation and real time PCR, no aMPV/A was detected in the vaccinated chickens, whereas one vaccinated chicken challenged with the aMPV/B isolate was positive. The results showed that aMPV/B vaccine provided a complete heterologous virological protection, although homologous protection was not complete in one chicken. Although only one aMPV/B positive chicken was detected after homologous vaccination, replication in vaccinated animals might allow the emergence of escape mutants.

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“…Based on antigenicity and genetic diversity, four subtypes of aMPV, designated A, B, C, and D, have been characterized (1,2,4). Subtypes A, B, and D are found mainly in Europe and Asia (5)(6)(7)(8). In the United States, aMPV was first identified in 1996, in a commercial turkey flock with respiratory diseases in Colorado (9).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the United States, aMPV was first identified in 1996, in a commercial turkey flock with respiratory diseases in Colorado (9). The virus was classified as subtype C due to its low sequence identity to subtype A and B viruses (6,9). Subsequently, it emerged in turkey flocks in Minnesota and became a major problem in the turkey industry in the United States (10,11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Methyltransferase-Defective Avian Metapneumovirus Vaccines Provide Complete Protection against Challenge with the Homologous Colorado Strain and the Heterologous Minnesota Strain

Sun¹,

Wei²,

Rauf³

et al. 2014

J Virol

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Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV), also known as avian pneumovirus or turkey rhinotracheitis virus, is the causative agent of turkey rhinotracheitis and is associated with swollen head syndrome in chickens. Since its discovery in the 1970s, aMPV has been recognized as an economically important pathogen in the poultry industry worldwide. The conserved region VI (CR VI) of the large (L) polymerase proteins of paramyxoviruses catalyzes methyltransferase (MTase) activities that typically methylate viral mRNAs at guanine N-7 (G-N-7) and ribose 2=-O positions. In this study, we generated a panel of recombinant aMPV (raMPV) Colorado strains carrying mutations in the S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) binding site in the CR VI of L protein. These recombinant viruses were specifically defective in ribose 2=-O, but not G-N-7 methylation and were genetically stable and highly attenuated in cell culture and viral replication in the upper and lower respiratory tracts of specific-pathogen-free (SPF) young turkeys. Importantly, turkeys vaccinated with these MTase-defective raMPVs triggered a high level of neutralizing antibody and were completely protected from challenge with homologous aMPV Colorado strain and heterologous aMPV Minnesota strain. Collectively, our results indicate (i) that aMPV lacking 2=-O methylation is highly attenuated in vitro and in vivo and (ii) that inhibition of mRNA cap MTase can serve as a novel target to rationally design live attenuated vaccines for aMPV and perhaps other paramyxoviruses. IMPORTANCE Paramyxoviruses include many economically and agriculturally important viruses such as avian metapneumovirus (aMPV), andNewcastle disease virus (NDV), human pathogens such as human respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, human parainfluenza virus type 3, and measles virus, and highly lethal emerging pathogens such as Nipah virus and Hendra virus. For many of them, there is no effective vaccine or antiviral drug. These viruses share common strategies for viral gene expression and replication. During transcription, paramyxoviruses produce capped, methylated, and polyadenylated mRNAs. Using aMPV as a model, we found that viral ribose 2=-O methyltransferase (MTase) is a novel approach to rationally attenuate the virus for vaccine purpose. Recombinant aMPV (raMPV) lacking 2=-O MTase were not only highly attenuated in turkeys but also provided complete protection against the challenge of homologous and heterologous aMPV strains. This novel approach can be applicable to other animal and human paramyxoviruses for rationally designing live attenuated vaccines.

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European and American Subgroup C Isolates of Avian Metapneumovirus belong to Different Genetic Lineages

Cited by 67 publications

References 19 publications

Population Dynamics and Rates of Molecular Evolution of a Recently Emerged Paramyxovirus, Avian Metapneumovirus Subtype C

Population Dynamics and Rates of Molecular Evolution of a Recently Emerged Paramyxovirus, Avian Metapneumovirus Subtype C

Brazilian avian metapneumovirus subtypes A and B: experimental infection of broilers and evaluation of vaccine efficacy

Methyltransferase-Defective Avian Metapneumovirus Vaccines Provide Complete Protection against Challenge with the Homologous Colorado Strain and the Heterologous Minnesota Strain

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