European and American Grapevines were Successfully Recovered from GFkV and GLRaV-1,2,3 Viruses by a Modified Thermotherapy and Shoot Tip Culture

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to look into the use of thermotherapy and shoot tip culture to disinfect grapevines from Grapevine fanleaf nepovirus (GFLV), Grapevine fleck virus (GFkV), and Grapevine leafroll closterovirus (GLRaV) -1,-2,-3, all of which are required for certified sapling production. The GFkV, GLRaV-1,2,3-infected grapevine scions were taken from the initial testing and put into 10-liter plastic containers. They were rooted, and saplings were grown from them. The grapevines were then treated to a modified thermotherapy treatment for 40 days, which included 8 hours of darkness at 60–70% relative humidity and 32°C temperature and 16 hours of light (4000–5000 lux) at 60–70% relative humidity and 40°C temperature. The experimental materials were treated to shoot tip culture procedures after thermotherapy. At the end of the acclimation, all materials were tested again. At the conclusion of the testing procedures, the entire factory was virus-free. The survival rates of the grapevines differed, with 41B rootstock having a 100% survival rate and the rest having at least one survived plant out of six. When paired with rapid multiplication through in-vitro propagation, the proposed thermotherapy approach used in this study has a high potential for virus-free grapevine sapling propagation.