Abstract-
. English as a Lingua Franca (ELF), has largely been ignored. Our findings indicate that global communicative competence consists of three layers: multicultural competence, competence in BELF (English as a Business Lingua Franca) and the communicator's business know-how. Based on our findings, we present a model for Global Communicative Competence (GCC), which includes language as a key component. Implications for theory, practice and education include the need for a multidisciplinary approach and the acknowledgement of ELF/BELF as the language of global interaction. ELF/BELF assumes a shared "core" of the English language, but focuses on interactional skills, rapport building and the ability to ask for and provide clarifications.
Index Terms-English as a Business Lingua Franca (BELF), English as a Lingua Franca (ELF), global communicative competence, global professional communication, international business communication.Leena Louhiala-Salminen, PhD, Lic. In recent years, professional communication has experienced dramatic changes due to a combination of societal megatrends, e.g. globalization, gigantic leaps in communication technologies, and the emergence of new types of business structures. In today's complex business 3 environment, the significance of communication has been acknowledged, and although it is important in business activities in general, the role of communication is fundamental to international encounters, because the complexity of interactions increases. Therefore, global professional communication requires a new type of communicative competence, which has recently been addressed from different perspectives. Melton focuses on rapport in global encounters, presenting an interesting case study on localization; he concludes by highlighting the role of relationship building in present day, often virtual, intercultural relationships [1]. More specifically, Ulijn, Lincke and Karakaya investigate the impact of non-face-to-face media on intercultural negotiations. They claim that empathy, or involvement building, in email negotiation is possible; however, it requires specific effort from the communicators, such as particular explicitness through metacommunicative acts [2].At the same time globalization has brought about management research where the context and requirements for global communication are investigated, for instance, as perceived by American and Russian managers (e.g. [3]). An educational perspective is offered by Yu, who performed an ethnographic study to explore the need for technical communication in Chinese education [4]. Yu takes the US concept of technical communication -implying American English as the language used -as the starting point, and suggests that technical communication education is highly relevant for Chinese professionals. Interestingly, however, the language requirements seemed to vary by situation, for example, some "companies did not expect perfect writing from the Chinese employees" [4, p. 108].Although rapid changes in work environments have highlighted ...