Europe needs a central, transparent, and evidence-based approval process for behavioural prevention interventions

Faggiano, Fabrizio; Allara, Elias; Giannotta, Fabrizia; Molinar, Roberta; Sumnall, Harry; Wiers, Reinout W.; Michie, Susan; Conrod, Patricia J.

doi:10.1093/eurpub/cku161.112

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Increasingly more countries are putting systems in place to assess the quality of health promotion interventions, with the ultimate aim of contributing to better health promotion [ 1 – 5 ]. The idea of encouraging and steering improvement through central quality rating is inspired by the success stories of the evidenced-based movement [ 6 , 7 ]. In a traditional evidence-based approach, the available evidence for the effectiveness of interventions is centrally rated, after which local users are encouraged to implement the most effective interventions [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving health promotion through central rating of interventions: the need for Responsive Guidance

Kok

Bal

Roelofs

et al. 2017

Health Res Policy Sys

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BackgroundIn several countries, attempts are made to improve health promotion by centrally rating the effectiveness of health promotion interventions. The Dutch Effectiveness Rating System (ERS) for health promotion interventions is an improvement-oriented approach in which multi-disciplinary expert committees rate available health promotion interventions as ‘theoretically sound’, ‘probably effective’ or ‘proven effective’. The aim of this study is to explore the functioning of the ERS and the perspective of researchers, policy-makers and practitioners regarding its contribution to improvement.MethodsWe interviewed 53 selected key informants from research, policy and practice in the Netherlands and observed the assessment of 12 interventions.ResultsBetween 2008 and 2012, a total of 94 interventions were submitted to the ERS, of which 23 were rejected, 58 were rated as ‘theoretically sound’, 10 were rated as ‘probably effective’ and 3 were rated as ‘proven effective’. According to participants, the ERS was intended to facilitate both the improvement of available interventions and the improvement of health promotion in practice. While participants expected that describing and rating interventions promoted learning and enhanced the transferability of interventions, they were concerned that the ERS approach was not suitable for guiding intervention development and improving health promotion in practice. The expert committees that assessed the interventions struggled with a lack of norms for the relevance of effects and questions about how effects should be studied and rated. Health promotion practitioners were concerned that the ERS neglected the local adaptation of interventions and did not encourage the improvement of aspects like applicability and costs. Policy-makers and practitioners were worried that the lack of proven effectiveness legitimised cutbacks rather than learning and advancing health promotion.ConclusionWhile measuring and centrally rating the effectiveness of interventions can be beneficial, the evidence based-inspired ERS approach is too limited to guide both intervention development and the improvement of health promotion in practice. To better contribute to improving health promotion, a more reflexive and responsive guidance approach is required, namely one which stimulates the improvement of different intervention aspects, provides targeted recommendations to practitioners and provides feedback to those who develop and rate interventions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving health promotion through central rating of interventions: the need for Responsive Guidance

Kok

Bal

Roelofs

et al. 2017

Health Res Policy Sys

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“…The proportion of women was higher than men in the respondents group (59% female), χ 2 (1, n = 344) = 6.65, P = .010. Conversely a higher proportion of men than women actually returned to give blood (44.1% female), although the difference was not significant, 2 (1, n = 34) = .86, P = .354. Because there are no theoretical reasons to expect interactions between gender or age with the effect of the motivating message, we did not include these variables in our analyses of intention and behavior.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Two-by-two comparisons for each of the three response options showed that the number of people who said they intended to give blood did not differ between the two conditions, χ 2 (1, n = 114) = 0.01, P = .916, OR = 0.97, 95% CI [0.62-1.53]. In contrast, the proportion of people who replied "I cannot and/or do not want to give blood at the current time" was higher in the "save lives" condition than in the control condition, χ 2 (1, n = 142) = 3.77, P = .052, OR = 1.77, 95% CI [1.14-2.74], and the proportion of people who replied "I do not wish to give blood again" was lower in the "save lives" condition than in the control condition, 2 (1, n = 78) = 6.20, P = .013, OR = 0.46, 95% CI [0.27-0.79]. Interaction between conditions and answer choice (temporarily no vs. no) was significant, χ 2 (1, n = 220) = 9.95, P = .002, OR = 2.51, 95% CI [1.41-4.48].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Moreover, overly optimistic beliefs about the effectiveness of "save lives" arguments in prompting people to give blood is likely to lead practitioners to continue using such arguments, rather than looking for better and more effective messages. In addition, devising campaigns that are not grounded on reliable data goes against recent calls for behavioral interventions to be based on scientific evidence [1][2][3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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“Save lives” arguments might not be as effective as you think: A randomized field experiment on blood donation

Moussaoui

Naef

Tissot

et al. 2016

Transfusion Clinique et Biologique

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Objectives. -Many communication campaigns to encourage people to give blood rely on "save lives" messages, even though there is no experimental evidence as to the effectiveness of this kind of argument with respect to blood donation. The objective of this study is to test experimentally if it is indeed an effective way to prompt people to give blood, in order for communication campaigns to be evidenced-based. Methods. -One thousand and twenty-two lapsed blood donors were sent, at random, either a standard letter or the same letter containing an additional "save lives" message. The blood donation center measured intention to donate and actual donor return rate (3%) after 10 months.Results. -Although fewer people in the "save lives" condition said they had no intention to give blood again, the "save lives" letter did not lead to more donor returns than the standard letter. Conclusions. -Our results suggest that contrary to intuition, campaigns to promote blood donation should not rely blindly on "save lives" arguments. © 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. Keywords: Blood donation; Communication campaigns; Lapsed donors RésuméObjectifs. -Beaucoup de campagnes de communication visant à encourager les gens à donner leur sang utilisent des messages du type « Sauvez des vies », malgré le fait qu'il n'y ait pas d'évidence expérimentale confirmant l'efficacité de ce type d'argument par rapport au don du sang. L'objectif de cette étude est de tester expérimentalement s'il s'agit effectivement d'une manière efficace d'encourager les gens à donner leur sang, afin que les campagnes de communication soient fondées sur des données probantes. Méthodes. -Mille vingt-deux donneurs inactifs ont reçu de manière aléatoire soit une lettre standard, soit la même lettre contenant en plus une phrase faisant appel à l'argument « sauvez des vies ». Le centre de transfusion sanguine a mesuré l'intention des donneurs à revenir, et le taux de retour réel (3 %) après 10 mois. Résultats. -Bien que moins de gens dans la condition « sauvez des vies » aient répondu qu'ils n'avaient pas l'intention de donner leur sang à nouveau, le courrier contenant le message « sauvez des vies » n'a pas entraîné un nombre plus important de dons que le courrier standard ne contenant pas ce message. Conclusions. -Nos résultats suggèrent que contrairement à ce que l'on pourrait penser de manière intuitive, les campagnes de promotion du don du sang ne devraient pas se reposer en toute confiance sur des arguments du type « sauvez des vies ».

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“…Budget constraints discourage the implantation of innovations, especially in contexts where the time available to implementers is limited by insufficient human resources. Thus, underfunding can increase the tension between the implementation of innovation and effectiveness 41 .…”

Section: The Explorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A ciência baseada em evidências nas políticas públicas para reinvenção da prevenção ao uso de álcool e outras drogas

Pedroso

Juhásová

Merchán-Hamann

2019

Interface (Botucatu)

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The evidence-based public policies need to address the social vulnerabilities in order to overcome the inequities. This narrative literature review analyzes the challenges of adaptation in the dissemination of the evidence-based alcohol and drugs prevention practices within the context of the Brazilian public policies. The critique of existing models is based on the theories of "Diffusion of Innovations" (Rogers) and "Implementation of the evidence-based practices" (Aarons et al). We concluded that the implantation of an evidence-based preventive action, if culturally not relevant, risks not impacting on the vulnerabilities. The adaptations may promote higher levels of acceptance and adhesion. In spite of that, if those adaptations are performed without the evidence base, they may reduce the effectiveness, as well as de-characterize the innovation, ending up in the reproduction of the inequities it aimed to reduce.

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Europe needs a central, transparent, and evidence-based approval process for behavioural prevention interventions

Cited by 8 publications

References 15 publications

Improving health promotion through central rating of interventions: the need for Responsive Guidance

Improving health promotion through central rating of interventions: the need for Responsive Guidance

“Save lives” arguments might not be as effective as you think: A randomized field experiment on blood donation

A ciência baseada em evidências nas políticas públicas para reinvenção da prevenção ao uso de álcool e outras drogas

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