Euro Adoption in Romania

Dumitru, Ilie

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-6865-3_5

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…It is notable that the yield increase given by N is superior at high PK fertilization level, as the synergic effect of these fertilizers is well known. However, knowing the current Romanian trend for deficient application of P and K (Dumitru, 2002;Hera, 2010), one may conclude that the yield increase shows low values of 10-15 kg of maize / ha / 1kg N, for the majority of maize crops in Romania. According to the Romanian Commodities Exchange, the price of maize was rated at Lei 536 /ton, for the Banat area (approximately 0.119 €/kg).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…utrition deficiency of crops, as consequence of imbalanced and undersized fertilizations, is an actual issue for the vegetal production in several countries, and particularly, Romania (Dumitru, 2002;Hera, 2010;Rawashdeh and Sala, 2016). The insufficiency of nutritional elements, as compared to the biological requirements of crops, affects the physiological processes of plants and the production capacity, related to the yielding potential of cultivars and hybrids grown (Ding et al, 2005;Zhu et al, 2014;Jezec et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A previous study (Sala et al, 2016) established potential causes of insufficient fertilization with P and K in wheat crops. Being aware of the interaction mechanism between the N,P,K elements amongst themselves or with other nutrients (Wu et al, 2005;Akinnifesi et al, 2007;Mete et al, 2015;Rietra, 2015), one of the main directions of the study herein was to highlight particularly the yield differences generated by different PK levels in maize fertilized with nitrogen -suspecting, as potential cause for such a low interest from farmers for intensive nitrogen fertilization, particularly the reduced P and K soil availability and the existing nutritional imbalance (Dumitru, 2002;Hera, 2010) related to the nutritional requirements and the production potential of currently grown hybrids. The purpose of the study herein was to assess the opportunity of allotting nitrogen and to therefore determine potential causes related to deficient fertilization in maize crops, under the current conditions in Romania.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment Model for the Imbalance in N and PK Fertilization for Maize: Case Study

Sala¹,

Rujescu²,

Fehér³

2019

RAR

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The main aim of the study was to assess the profit increase in maize, starting from the yield response according to the nitrogen quantity applied on different PK backgrounds. Answers were searched for on the causes for the low interest in applying nitrogen fertilizers for maize in Romania. Maize yield response curves were determined according to quantities of N and PK, respectively, based on results of yield trials performed at the Didactic Station Timisoara of Banat`s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, during the period between 2013 and 2015. The production functions obtained facilitated the determination of adjusted yield values, based on the N quantities in the 0-200 kg range, active ingredient (a.i.) ha-1 for multiples of 50 for different PK levels, within the 0-150 kg range, a.i. ha-1 . Four distinct cases were analyzed, the average during 2013-2015 and each year independently. The slope (m), indicating the tangent the straight line creates with the abscissa axis, represented an indicator of the growth speed of the dynamic process represented by the yield in relation with the allotted N and PK doses. The slope related to the PK = 0 up to PK = 150 levels, displayed a growing trend (m2013-2015 = 11.4-23.4; m2013 = 11.2-27.73; m2014 = 9.8-24.8; m2015 = 13.1-19.1), as the four sets of data analyzed strengthen the level of trust in a well-known principle of physiology and nutrition of plants - the synergic effect of nutrition factors. Such results confirm, as a potential cause for the low interest of some farmers for intensive N fertilization, the particular soil fund reduced in P and K, taking into account the lack of agricultural support policies with medium and long-term effects.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment Model for the Imbalance in N and PK Fertilization for Maize: Case Study

Sala¹,

Rujescu²,

Fehér³

2019

RAR

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“…The structural condition was assessed by the Hénin–Fedoroff method by determining the content of hydrostable macroaggregates with a diameter > 0.25 mm (AH) and the content of hydrostable microaggregates with a diameter less than 0.02 mm (D) resulting from the mechanical separation of aggregates [ 88 ]. Based on these determinations, the structural instability index (IS), a synthetic indicator comprising both macrostructural and microstructural data, was calculated [ 89 , 90 ]. The calculation of the index was performed according to Equation (1): IS = D/(AH − 0.9n g ), where IS is the structural instability index; D—content of hydrostable microstructural elements < 0.02 mm in diameter, in %; AH—content of hydrostable macrostructural elements; and n g —coarse sand content, in %.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Extraction Solution on the Removal of Heavy Metals from Polluted Soils

Sur,

Hegyi,

Micle

et al. 2023

Materials

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Soil pollution with heavy metals is a problem for the whole geosystem. The aim of the research is to identify new solutions for extracting heavy metals from polluted soils so that they can be further exploited. To this end, investigations of the physicochemical characteristics of the soil sample under study were carried out. Following the analyses, the soil was characterised as lute-coarse sand (UG) with a strongly acidic pH (4.67), a hygroscopicity coefficient (CH = 4.8% g/g), and a good supply of nutrients: nitrogen (Nt): 0.107%; mobile phosphorus (PAL): 6 mg kg−1 and mobile potassium (KAL): 26 mg kg−1, but is low in humus (2.12%). The metal content of the soil was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), and the analyses showed high concentrations of metals (Pb: 27,660 mg kg−1; Cu: 5590 mg kg−1; Zn: 2199 mg kg−1; Cd: 11.68 mg kg−1; Cr: 146 mg kg−1). The removal of metals (Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Cr) from polluted soil by different extraction agents (water, humus, malic acid, chitosan, and gluconic acid) was investigated. Metal extraction experiments were carried out in a continuous orbital rotation-oscillation stirrer at a solid/liquid/ (S/L ratio; g:mL) of 1:4, at two concentrations of extraction solution (1% and 3%), and at different stirring times (2, 4, 6, and 8 h). The yield of the extraction process is very low for all proposed extraction solutions. The maximum values of extraction efficiency are: 0.5% (Pb); 3.28% (Zn); and 5.72% (Cu). Higher values were obtained in the case of Cr (11.97%) in the variant of using humus 3% as an extraction solution at a stirring time of 6 h. In the investigated experimental conditions, the best removal efficiencies were obtained in the case of cadmium (26.71%) when using a 3% malic acid solution. In conclusion, it is considered that, from case to case, the type of extraction solution as well as the nature of the metal influence the mechanism of the depollution process, i.e., the capacity of the fine soil granules to free themselves from the pollutant metal that has adhered to them, and further research is considered necessary in the future.

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“…The chemical analyses of the soils are detailed in Tables 1 and 2. According to ecopedologic indicators [30], these four soil samples are classified as follows:…”

Section: Physical-chemical Analyses Of Soils and Harvested Cropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative Collagen Based Biopolymers Tested as Fertilizers for Poor Soils Amendment

et al. 2023

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Improving soil quality is of growing interest and, among optimal solutions, the reuse and recycling of biopolymers of pelt waste from the tannery industry have been proposed, one of them being for collagen hydrolysate with micronutrients and polymers incorporated, to be used as fertilizers for poor soils rehabilitation. As functionalization agents, polyacrylamide, starch and dolomite were included into biopolymer matrixes in order to enhance their specific efficiency. These fertilizers were adequately characterized for their physical–chemical properties, including nutrient content, and tested on three poor soils, while a fourth sample of normal soil was chosen for comparative purposes. These soils were also characterized for their texture and physical–chemical properties in order to establish the fertility state of the soils as a function of nutrient content. In this respect, a series of agrochemical tests were developed at laboratory scale, simulating real agriculture environments in a vegetation room, where a significant plant growth in height was observed for all the agro-hydrogels with nutrients encapsulated, and multiplication of the nodosities number was observed in the case of the soybean culture. The most significant effect was obtained in the case of the fertilizer functionalized with starch. Finally, the application dose of the organic fertilizers for specific culture plants was estimated, such as field cultures (cereals, corn), field vegetables, vineyards or fruit-growing plantations. These agro-collagen fertilizers are particularly recommended for amendment of field cereals and vegetables. The novelty of this study mainly consists of the recovery and recycling of the pelt waste as efficient fertilizers after their adequate functionalization with synthetic or natural biopolymers.

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Euro Adoption in Romania

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Assessment Model for the Imbalance in N and PK Fertilization for Maize: Case Study

Assessment Model for the Imbalance in N and PK Fertilization for Maize: Case Study

Influence of the Extraction Solution on the Removal of Heavy Metals from Polluted Soils

Innovative Collagen Based Biopolymers Tested as Fertilizers for Poor Soils Amendment

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