Euphorbia dracunculoides L. abrogates carbon tetrachloride induced liver and DNA damage in rats

Abstract

BackgroundEvaluation of Euphorbia dracunculoides of family Euphorbiaceae during previous studies had established the in vitro antioxidant and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities. The plant is used by the local communities of Pakistan for various disorders including rheumatism and edema. In this investigation we have evaluated the hepatoprotective effects against CCl4 induced toxicity in rat.MethodsDry powder of the aerial parts of E. dracunculoides was extracted with 95% methanol to get the extract (EDME). To investigate the hepatoprotective effects of EDME the Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided in to 8 groups with 6 rats in each. Group I and II were the normal and vehicle treated while the Groups III-VI were injected intraperitoneally with 1 ml of CCl4 (30% in olive oil). Rats of Group IV were orally administered with silymarin (50 mg/kg) while the Group V and VI with 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg of EDME, respectively. Animals of Group VII (200 mg/kg) and VIII (400 mg/kg) were treated with EDME alone. The treatments were given thrice a week for 4 weeks. Effects of EDME were evaluated for the protective effects against oxidative stress and genotoxicity induced with CCl4 in liver of rat.ResultsAnalysis of serum indicated significant (p < 0.05) rise in the level of aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and globulin whereas decrease was recorded for the total protein and albumin in CCl4 treated rats. In liver tissues the activity level of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione (GSH) was decreased while the level of lipid peroxides; thiobarbituric acid reactant substances (TBARS), nitrite and hydrogen peroxide increased in CCl4 treated rats as compared to the control group. Histopathological injuries and DNA damages were recorded in liver of rat with CCl4 treatment. However, co-administration of EDME, dose dependently, ameliorated the CCl4-induced hepatic toxicity in these parameters.ConclusionsThese results suggested that the phyto-constituents of EDME were able to ameliorate the oxidative stress induced with CCl4 and can be a useful therapeutic agent for oxidative stress related disorders.

Evaluation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of the stem bark of Sapindus mukorossi

“…Hydrogen peroxide occurs naturally at low concentration in air, water, human body, plants, microorganisms and food. H 2 O 2 is quickly decayed into water and oxygen and this may create hydroxyl radicals (•OH) that may begin lipid peroxidation and consequently induce DNA damages [ 53 ]. SME significantly scavenged hydrogen peroxide that can be suggested to the presence of phenolic compounds that could contribute electrons to hydrogen peroxide, thus neutralizing it into water.…”

Ipomoea batatas L. Lam. ameliorates acute and chronic inflammations by suppressing inflammatory mediators, a comprehensive exploration using in vitro and in vivo models

“…Polyphenole abundance imparts I. batatas an ability to scavenge free radicals, which ultimately reduces ROS and hepatocellular death. Batool et al [ 42 ] also mentioned that polyphenols imparts hepatoprotective potential to the plants.…”

“…The absorbance was recorded at 540 nm. Sodium nitrite curve was used to quantify nitrite amount in serum [ 42 ].…”

The role of oxymatrine in regulating TGF-β1 in rats with hepatic fibrosis

“…In the present study, OMT restored the reduced serum GSH levels in a dose-dependent manner. TAA-induced liver fibrosis in rats causes hepatocytes to rapidly utilize GSH to counter the initial surge in toxic free radicals produced 14 , resulting in significantly reduced serum GSH levels in the model group. OMT remarkably increased rat serum GSH level in a dose-dependent manner, thereby protecting against liver injury and delaying the onset of liver fibrosis.…”

“…Results of histopathological examination were in accordance with quantitative results of previous experiments. TAA significantly increases TGF-β1 expression in the rat liver, which leads to the activation of myofibroblasts by stellate cells and significant hepatocyte death, causing hepatic fibrosis 14 . HE staining confirmed fibrous deposition, which spread to the center of the leaflets and pseudolobule formation in rat liver tissues in the model group.…”