Eumycetomas by Fusarium oxysporum and Madurella mycetomatis. Description of two cases and literature review

López, Diego Martínez; Blasco, A; Ferrer, Luis García; Camarena, Juan J.; González, Rosa; Perez, José Luis Rodrigo

doi:10.37201/req/027.2022

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In our area, eumycetomas are rare, most of them imported, 14 although some autochthonous cases of eumycetomas have been described. Buonfrate et al reviewed the literature to assess the autochthonous cases of mycetoma, both actinomycetoma and eumycetoma, in Europe 15 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…12 Madurella mycetomatis, Madurella grisae and S. apiospermum are the most common causative agents worldwide and are distributed predominantly in tropical areas: Africa, South America and India. 12,13 In our area, eumycetomas are rare, most of them imported, 14 although some autochthonous cases of eumycetomas have been described. Buonfrate et al reviewed the literature to assess the autochthonous cases of mycetoma, both actinomycetoma and eumycetoma, in Europe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Emerging subcutaneous mycoses by opportunistic filamentous fungi: A retrospective study in Northwest Spain

Taibo

Estévez

Campayo

et al. 2023

Mycoses

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BackgroundSubcutaneous mycoses caused by opportunistic filamentous fungi are emerging infections in developed countries due to the longer survival of immunocompromised patients. The evidence published in relation to subcutaneous mycoses is fundamentally based on case reports and small case series.MethodsWe performed an observational retrospective study of subcutaneous mycoses caused by opportunistic filamentous fungi diagnosed at our institution between 2017 and 2022. This study aims to estimate the incidence rate of subcutaneous mycoses, identify which fungal species are involved, and analyse which clinical variables predispose to infection and if any are associated with mortality.ResultsFifteen patients met the inclusion criteria. The median age was 61 years (range 27–84), and 80% of them were males. Alternaria spp. were the most common fungi. Two other organisms were frequently isolated: Scedosporium apiospermum and Fusarium solani. Among patients infected with F. solani, 66.7% died. The most common clinical presentation was suppurative nodules in the lower limbs and the main risk factors for infection were immunosuppressants, corticosteroids, previous trauma and transplantation, but they were not particularly associated with increased mortality. A statistically significant association with mortality was only found in the case of positive blood culture (p = <.001).ConclusionsPhaeohyphomycosis has a lower risk of dissemination, especially when compared to subcutaneous mycoses caused by hyalohyphomycetes. It is important to convey the severity of these skin infections to the physicians involved in the treatment and follow‐up of susceptible patients to avoid misdiagnosis and delays in the treatment, especially in the case of hyalohyphomycosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Emerging subcutaneous mycoses by opportunistic filamentous fungi: A retrospective study in Northwest Spain

Taibo

Estévez

Campayo

et al. 2023

Mycoses

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“…Therefore, little is known about the epidemiology and risk factors associated with F. falciforme infection and transmission. Similarly, limited reports are available about other Fusarium species, such as F. solani, F. oxysporum, F. subglutinans, F. moniliforme, F. keratoplasticum, and F. pseudensiforme, as causative agents of eumycetoma [41][42][43][44][45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The First Case of Fusarium falciforme Eumycetoma in Sudan and an Extensive Literature Review about Treatment Worldwide

Siddig

Ahmed

Eltigani

et al. 2023

JoF

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Eumycetoma is an infectious disease caused by various fungal pathogens. The disease is characterised by black and pale-yellowish grain discharge. In this communication, we report a case of eumycetoma with a pale grain foot-eumycetoma caused by Fusarium falciforme. The patient presented at the outpatient clinic of the Mycetoma Research Centre in Sudan. The causative agent was initially misidentified as Aspergillus nidulans based on its seemingly similar histopathological appearance. However, sequencing the internally transcribed spacer region of the extracted grain confirmed infection with Fusarium falciforme. Although the patient received Itraconazole and underwent surgical excision, the disease was recurrent. To our knowledge, this is the first report on Fusarium falciforme causing eumycetoma in Sudan, indicating the expansion of the geographical distribution of this pathogen. This calls for raising the awareness of healthcare providers and improving the diagnostic and surveillance systems in at-risk areas to improve the case management and reduce the threat of further spread. Considering the potential impacts of F. falciforme infection including threatening the global health, food security, and ecosystem balance, as well as loss of biodiversity and negative socioeconomic changes in endemic countries, we recommend the implementation of an integrated transdisciplinary One Health strategy for the prevention and control of emerging infectious diseases including F. falciforme.

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An updated list of eumycetoma causative agents and their differences in grain formation and treatment response

van de Sande,

Fahal

2024

Clin Microbiol Rev

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SUMMARY In 2023, the World Health Organization designated eumycetoma causative agents as high-priority pathogens on its list of fungal priority pathogens. Despite this recognition, a comprehensive understanding of these causative agents is lacking, and potential variations in clinical manifestations or therapeutic responses remain unclear. In this review, 12,379 eumycetoma cases were reviewed. In total, 69 different fungal species were identified as causative agents. However, some were only identified once, and there was no supporting evidence that they were indeed present in the grain. Madurella mycetomatis was by far the most commonly reported fungal causative agent. In most studies, identification of the fungus at the species level was based on culture or histology, which was prone to misidentifications. The newly used molecular identification tools identified new causative agents. Clinically, no differences were reported in the appearance of the lesion, but variations in mycetoma grain formation and antifungal susceptibility were observed. Although attempts were made to explore the differences in clinical outcomes based on antifungal susceptibility, the lack of large clinical trials and the inclusion of surgery as standard treatment posed challenges in drawing definitive conclusions. Limited case series suggested that eumycetoma cases caused by Fusarium species were less responsive to treatment than those caused by Madurella mycetomatis . However, further research is imperative for a comprehensive understanding.

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Eumycetomas by Fusarium oxysporum and Madurella mycetomatis. Description of two cases and literature review

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Emerging subcutaneous mycoses by opportunistic filamentous fungi: A retrospective study in Northwest Spain

Emerging subcutaneous mycoses by opportunistic filamentous fungi: A retrospective study in Northwest Spain

The First Case of Fusarium falciforme Eumycetoma in Sudan and an Extensive Literature Review about Treatment Worldwide

An updated list of eumycetoma causative agents and their differences in grain formation and treatment response

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