Euler–Lagrange approach to investigate respiratory anatomical shape effects on aerosol particle transport and deposition

Islam, Mohammad S.; Saha, Suvash C.; Sauret, Emilie; Ong, Hui Xin; Young, Paul M.; Gu, YT

doi:10.1177/2397847319894675

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The second-order upwind numerical scheme [11] is considered to simulate the discrete phase. The coupling algorithm [12] has been used for the pressure-velocity coupling scheme.…”

Section: Numerical Methods 31 Airflow Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airflow dynamic and particle deposition in age-specific human lungs

Rahman¹,

Zhao²,

Islam³

et al. 2020

Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference (AFMC)

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Particle transportation and deposition (TD) during inhalation drug delivery in human lungs is affected by lung anatomy, breathing pattern, as well as particles properties. The lung volume and breathing capacity reduce as age increases. It is found that diameters of lung airways reduce by about 10% after every 10-years for over 50-year age people. However, the studies on the particle TD in age-specific human lungs are still very limited in the literature. Therefore, it is important to understand the effects of aging on targeted drug particle deposition. In this study, numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the particle TD in human lungs for people of 50 to 80-year ages. The ANSYS FLUENT solver based on the finite volume discretization method is used for numerical calculations. The variation of inhalation rates and lung diameters with age is considered. The results show that the deposition efficiency of old age people is higher than that of young age people. Moreover, the majority of the particles are deposited in the first bifurcation area of lungs of the 50-80 year ages at generation G9-G13.

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“…The second-order upwind numerical scheme [11] is considered to simulate the discrete phase. The coupling algorithm [12] has been used for the pressure-velocity coupling scheme.…”

Section: Numerical Methods 31 Airflow Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airflow dynamic and particle deposition in age-specific human lungs

Rahman¹,

Zhao²,

Islam³

et al. 2020

Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference (AFMC)

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“…The anatomical structure of the human lung impacts the flow field [23,84] and realistic lung airways exhibit highly complex uneven curvatures [26]. Recently, a realistic CT-based anatomical model [15,66,[85][86][87][88][89][90][91] was used to characterize the transitional behaviour of airflow in human bifurcating pathways. In the realistic model, turbulent laryngeal jet follows turbulent flow [23] and the inspiratory flow field is found to be much more complex than in the symmetric lung model [20].…”

Section: Tracheobronchial Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Respiratory Anatomical Development, Air Flow Characterization and Particle Deposition

Islam

Paul

Ong

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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The understanding of complex inhalation and transport processes of pollutant particles through the human respiratory system is important for investigations into dosimetry and respiratory health effects in various settings, such as environmental or occupational health. The studies over the last few decades for micro- and nanoparticle transport and deposition have advanced the understanding of drug-aerosol impacts in the mouth-throat and the upper airways. However, most of the Lagrangian and Eulerian studies have utilized the non-realistic symmetric anatomical model for airflow and particle deposition predictions. Recent improvements to visualization techniques using high-resolution computed tomography (CT) data and the resultant development of three dimensional (3-D) anatomical models support the realistic representation of lung geometry. Yet, the selection of different modelling approaches to analyze the transitional flow behavior and the use of different inlet and outlet conditions provide a dissimilar prediction of particle deposition in the human lung. Moreover, incorporation of relevant physical and appropriate boundary conditions are important factors to consider for the more accurate prediction of transitional flow and particle transport in human lung. This review critically appraises currently available literature on airflow and particle transport mechanism in the lungs, as well as numerical simulations with the aim to explore processes involved. Numerical studies found that both the Euler–Lagrange (E-L) and Euler–Euler methods do not influence nanoparticle (particle diameter ≤50 nm) deposition patterns at a flow rate ≤25 L/min. Furthermore, numerical studies demonstrated that turbulence dispersion does not significantly affect nanoparticle deposition patterns. This critical review aims to develop the field and increase the state-of-the-art in human lung modelling.

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“…During their research, they concluded that the posterior airflow transport and trend of the particles deposition should not be affected by the nozzle subtraction and the vestibular dilation. Islam et al [31] in the studies of sediment patterns showed that most aerosol particles are placed on the tracheal wall instead of the carina angle. At low flow velocity, particle density is mostly in the middle of the trachea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%