Eukaryotic Skeletal Formation

Wallace, Adam F.; Wang, Dongbo; Hamm, Laura M.; Knoll, Andrew H.; Dove, Patricia M.

doi:10.1002/9781118280874.ch10

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 352 publications

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“…Radiolarians are not easily maintained in cultures through a reproductive cycle [ Krabberød et al ., ], so the study of Si isotope fractionation during formation of new radiolarian tests under controlled conditions is not yet possible. Radiolarian tests are thought to precipitate after internal concentration of Si that has been taken up across the outer cell membrane and transported to specialized membranes that control Si deposition [ Wallace et al ., ]. As with sponges, the isotope fractionations associated with uptake, internal transport, deposition, and efflux could create a relationship between ambient DSi concentrations and the net Si isotope fractionation if they are variably expressed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enrichment of dissolved silica in the deep equatorial Pacific during the Eocene‐Oligocene

et al. 2017

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Silicon isotope ratios (expressed as δ30Si) in marine microfossils can provide insights into silica cycling over geologic time. Here we used δ30Si of sponge spicules and radiolarian tests from the Paleogene Equatorial Transect (Ocean Drilling Program Leg 199) spanning the Eocene and Oligocene (~50–23 Ma) to reconstruct dissolved silica (DSi) concentrations in deep waters and to examine upper ocean δ30Si. The δ30Si values range from −3.16 to +0.18‰ and from −0.07 to +1.42‰ for the sponge and radiolarian records, respectively. Both records show a transition toward lower δ30Si values around 37 Ma. The shift in radiolarian δ30Si is interpreted as a consequence of changes in the δ30Si of source DSi to the region. The decrease in sponge δ30Si is interpreted as a transition from low DSi concentrations to higher DSi concentrations, most likely related to the shift toward a solely Southern Ocean source of deep water in the Pacific during the Paleogene that has been suggested by results from paleoceanographic tracers such as neodymium and carbon isotopes. Sponge δ30Si provides relatively direct information about the nutrient content of deep water and is a useful complement to other tracers of deep water circulation in the oceans of the past.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enrichment of dissolved silica in the deep equatorial Pacific during the Eocene‐Oligocene

et al. 2017

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“…In the latter case, these "vital effects," may be due to species-specific physiological controls over mineralization. Given that multiple pathways to biomineral formation are possible, one explanation for vital effects may be that differences reflect the predominant mineralization process-such as when calcite forms by a classical step growth process (Teng et al, 1998) versus transformation from an initial amorphous phase (Weiner and Dove, 2003;Bentov and Erez, 2006;Wombacher et al, 2011;Wallace et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isotopic tracer evidence for the amorphous calcium carbonate to calcite transformation by dissolution–reprecipitation

Giuffre

Gagnon

Yoreo

et al. 2015

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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Please cite this article as: Giuffre, A.J., Gagnon, A.C., De Yoreo, J.J., Dove, P.M., Isotopic tracer evidence for the amorphous calcium carbonate to calcite transformation by dissolution-reprecipitation, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (2015), doi: http://dx. AbstractObservations that some biogenic and sedimentary calcites grow from amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) raise the question of how this mineralization process influences composition. However, the detailed pathway and geochemical consequences of the ACC to calcite transformation are poorly constrained. This experimental study investigated the formation of calcite from ACC by using magnesium and calcium stable isotope labeling to directly probe the transformation pathway and controls on composition. Four processes were considered: dissolution-reprecipitation, solid state transformation, and combinations of these end-members. To distinguish between these scenarios, ACC was synthesized from natural isotope abundance solutions and subsequently transferred to spiked solutions that were enriched in 43 Ca and 25 Mg for the transformation to calcite.Isotope measurements by NanoSIMS determined the 43 Ca/ 40 Ca, and 25 Mg/ 24 Mg ratios of the resulting calcite crystals.Analysis of the data shows the transformation is best explained by a dissolutionreprecipitation process. We find that when a small amount of ACC is transferred, the isotopic signals in the resulting calcite are largely replaced by the composition of the surrounding spiked solution. When larger amounts of ACC are transferred, calcite compositions reflect a mixture between the ACC and initial solution end-member.Comparisons of the measurements to the predictions of a simple mixing model indicate that calcite compositions 1) are sensitive to relative amounts of ACC and the surrounding solution reservoir and 2) are primarily governed by the conditions at the time of ACC transformation rather than the initial ACC formation. Shifts in calcite composition over the duration of the transformation period reflect the progressive evolution of the local solution conditions. This dependence suggests the extent to which there is water available would change the end point composition on the mixing line. While these findings have significant geochemical implications, the question remains whether this transformation pathway is generally followed when biomineralization involves ACC or is particular to these inorganic experiments. Insights from this study nonetheless suggest that some types of compositional variability, such as 'vital effects', may be explained inpart by a co-evolution of reservoir and products over the duration of the transformation.3

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“…In turn, organic molecules can be used by living organisms to transport ions and deliver them to specific atomic sites in biomineralization processes [4,5]. Such interplay becomes even more interesting dealing with nanostructured mineral phases, being specially relevant in the early stages of bio-mineralization processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Binding of bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate at the surface of hydrozincite nanocrystals: An example of organic molecules absorption onto nanocrystalline minerals

Sanna

Medas

Podda

et al. 2015

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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Eukaryotic Skeletal Formation

Cited by 5 publications

References 352 publications

Enrichment of dissolved silica in the deep equatorial Pacific during the Eocene‐Oligocene

Enrichment of dissolved silica in the deep equatorial Pacific during the Eocene‐Oligocene

Isotopic tracer evidence for the amorphous calcium carbonate to calcite transformation by dissolution–reprecipitation

Binding of bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate at the surface of hydrozincite nanocrystals: An example of organic molecules absorption onto nanocrystalline minerals

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