Euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp to assess posthepatic glucose appearance after carbohydrate loading. 2. Evaluation of corn and mung bean starches in healthy men

Lang, Vincent; Bornet, Francis; Vaugelade, P.; Strihou, M van Ypersele de; Luo, Jing; Pacher, Nathalie; Rossi, Franca; Droitte, Philippe La; Duée, Pierre‐Henri; Slama, G.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/69.6.1183

Cited by 32 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…As has been previously reported, foods producing a lower glycemic response cause less hepatic glucose absorption. 32 The lack of difference between groups in our study may relate to the limited statistical power or short duration of the study, or indicate that both diets have comparable efficacy in the treatment of fatty liver. Alternatively, some individuals may respond more favorably to one diet than the other, based on inherent differences in insulin secretion or other biological factors, 22 a possibility that cannot be assessed here due to lack of power.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

A Low-Glycemic-Load versus Low-Fat Diet in the Treatment of Fatty Liver in Obese Children

et al. 2013

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Background: Fatty liver is highly prevalent among obese children and represents a major risk factor for chronic liver diseases and severe metabolic complications.Methods: We randomly assigned 17 obese children 8-17 years of age with fatty liver to either an experimental low-glycemic-load or conventional low-fat diet for 6 months. Participants in both groups received nutrition education and behavioral counseling of equal intensity. The primary outcome was hepatic lipid content measured by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Secondary outcomes included change in visceral fat, BMI, anthropometrics, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and insulin resistance.Results: A total of 16 participants completed the study. Reported glycemic load decreased in the low-glycemic-load group and reported dietary fat decreased in the low-fat group. At baseline, liver fat was 23.8% [standard deviation (SD) 12.2] in the lowglycemic-load group and 29.3% (14.1) in the low-fat group. Liver fat decreased substantially in both groups at 6 months expressed as absolute percentage change, with no between-group differences [ -8.8 (standard error (SE) 4.1) vs. -10.5 (3.7)%, respectively, p = 0.76 for group · time interaction]. Secondary outcomes also improved on both diets, with no between-group differences. Baseline and change in ALT were strongly associated with hepatic fat content.Conclusions: Weight-reducing diets focused either on glycemic load or dietary fat improved hepatic steatosis over 6 months. Additional research is needed to determine whether these diets differ in effectiveness over the long term.Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00480922

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

A Low-Glycemic-Load versus Low-Fat Diet in the Treatment of Fatty Liver in Obese Children

et al. 2013

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“…Accumulation of fat in the liver leads to an increase in fat delivery to all body tissues, including the pancreas, which affects the islet cells of the pancreas and eventually down-regulates beta cell function [67]. Reducing the glycaemic load of the diet may facilitate reductions in hepatic fat by reducing postprandial glucose and insulin levels, leading to less hepatic glucose absorption and reduced hepatic lipid accumulation [24,25,68]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Different Diet Strategies to Reduce Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Youth

et al. 2016

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Type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents has become a prominent clinical issue in recent decades. Increasing numbers of young people have risk factors for type 2 diabetes, particularly obesity, indicating the need for effective type 2 diabetes prevention strategies. The aim of this review was to identify specific dietary strategies that optimize improvements in risk factors for type 2 diabetes in youth and hence reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes development. Our review of the current literature indicates that dietary interventions lead to weight loss when intervention adherence is high. However, in addition to weight loss, a diet that is reduced in carbohydrates may optimize improvements in other type 2 diabetes risk factors, including insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. While further research is needed to confirm this finding, reduced carbohydrate diets may include a very low-carbohydrate diet, a very low-energy diet, a lower-glycemic-index diet, and/or an intermittent fasting diet. This array of dietary strategies provides a suite of intervention options for clinicians to recommend to young people at risk of type 2 diabetes. However, these findings are in contrast to current guidelines for the prevention of type 2 diabetes in adults which recommends a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet.

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“…We did not directly measure the rate of absorption, as others have done using stable isotopes (Lang et al, 1999). However, there is strong evidence from studies in which glucose was consumed orally (Jenkins et al, 1990) or injected intravenously at different rates (Chen and Porte, 1975) that reducing the rate of carbohydrate absorption flattens glucose and insulin responses and delays the rebound of FFA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of sucromalt on postprandial responses in human subjects

2007

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Backgroud/Objective: To compare postprandial responses elicited by sucromalt, a nutritive sweetener produced by treating a blend of sucrose and corn syrup with an enzyme from Leuconostoc mesenteroides, with those after 42% of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), and to see if the reduced responses after sucromalt could be accounted for by carbohydrate malabsorption. Subject and Methods: Three experiments were performed in separate groups of normal subjects studied after overnight fasts using double-blind, randomized, cross-over designs. HFCS was used as the control because it contained a similar amount of fructose as sucromalt. Experiment 1 (n ¼ 10): plasma glucose and insulin were measured after 50 g sucromalt and 50 g HFCS. Experiment 2 (n ¼ 10): metabolic profiles were measured after 80 g HFCS, 80 g sucromalt or 56 g fructose/glucose blend plus 24 g inulin. Experiment 3 (n ¼ 20): the glycaemic indices of sucromalt and HFCS were determined. Results: Mean glucose and insulin responses after sucromalt were 66 and 62%, respectively, of those after HFCS (Po0.05). The inulin treatment, used to mimic the effects of carbohydrate malabsorption, elicited higher breath hydrogen (H 2 ), lower glucose and insulin responses, and a significantly earlier rise in serum free fatty acids (FFA) than those of HFCS (all Po0.05). Sucromalt elicited no rise in breath H 2 , and delayed falls in glucose and insulin, and a delayed rebound of FFA compared to HFCS (all Po0.05). Conclusions:The reduced glucose and insulin responses elicited by sucromalt are not explained by malabsorption and are more likely related to differences in either rate of digestion and absorption or postabsorptive handling by body.

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Euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp to assess posthepatic glucose appearance after carbohydrate loading. 2. Evaluation of corn and mung bean starches in healthy men

Abstract: The OC-Clamp technique allows a continuous assessment of net posthepatic appearance of glucose after ingestion of carbohydrates and significant discrimination between corn and mung bean starches.

Cited by 32 publications

References 21 publications

A Low-Glycemic-Load versus Low-Fat Diet in the Treatment of Fatty Liver in Obese Children

A Low-Glycemic-Load versus Low-Fat Diet in the Treatment of Fatty Liver in Obese Children

The Effectiveness of Different Diet Strategies to Reduce Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Youth

Effects of sucromalt on postprandial responses in human subjects

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