Eugenol Induces Phenotypic Alterations and Increases the Oxidative Burst in Cryptococcus

Alves, Júnia C O; Ferreira, Gabriella Freitas; Santos, Julliana Ribeiro Alves; Silva, Luís C. N.; Rodrigues, João Francisco Silva; Neto, Wallace Ribeiro Nunes; Farah, Emmanueli I; Santos, Áquila Rodrigues Costa; Mendes, Brenda S; Sousa, Lourimar V N F; Monteiro, Andrea de Souza; Santos, Vera Lúcia dos; Santos, Danielle Anjos dos; Perez, Andréa C.; Romero, Thiago Roberto Lima; Denadai, Ângelo Márcio Leite; Guzzo, Luciana Souza

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.02419

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Plants are known to produce a large variety of molecules with interest for pharmaceutic and food industries, among them are the volatile compounds present in the essential oils (EOs) (Alves et al, 2017;Mittal et al, 2018;Stevanovic et al, 2018;Taghavi et al, 2018;Rao et al, 2019). EOs are complex mixture of secondary metabolites produced by aromatic plants usually involved in their protection against pathogens (Mittal et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial and Antivirulence Action of Eugenia brejoensis Essential Oil in vitro and in vivo Invertebrate Models

Filho

Silva

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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Eugenia brejoensis L. (Myrtaceae) is an endemic plant from caatinga ecosystem (brazilian semi-arid) which have an E. brejoensis essential oil (EbEO) with reported antimicrobial activity. In this work, in vitro and in vivo models were used to characterize the inhibitory effects of EbEO in relation to Staphylococcus aureus. EbEO inhibited the growth of all tested S. aureus strains (including multidrug resistance isolates) with values ranging from 8 to 516 µg/mL. EbEO also synergistically increased the action of ampicillim, chloramphenicol, and kanamycin. The treatment with subinhibitory concentrations (Sub-MIC) of EbEO decreased S. aureus hemolytic activity and its ability to survive in human blood. EbEO strongly reduced the levels of staphyloxanthin (STX), an effect related to increased susceptibility of S. aureus to hydrogen peroxide. The efficacy of EbEO against S. aureus was further demonstrated using Caenorhabditis elegans and Galleria mellonella. EbEO increased the lifespan of both organisms infected by S. aureus, reducing the bacterial load. In addition, EbEO reduced the severity of S. aureus infection in G. mellonella, as shown by lower levels of melanin production in those larvae. In summary, our data suggest that EbEO is a potential source of lead molecules for development of new therapeutic alternatives against S. aureus.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial and Antivirulence Action of Eugenia brejoensis Essential Oil in vitro and in vivo Invertebrate Models

Filho

Silva

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Lysosomal membrane rupture causes release into the cytosol of cathepsin D and cysteine, which are classes of lysosomal proteases directly responsible for the induction of apoptosis [30]. The P. insignis extract and fractions caused the rupture of the lysosomal membrane of the treated cells, leading to a loss of lysosomal pH and the subsequent leakage of Acridine Orange (AO) in the cytosol [31], causing an increase in green fluorescence when compared to the untreated cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifungal and Antivirulence Activities of Hydroalcoholic Extract and Fractions of Platonia insignis Leaves against Vaginal Isolates of Candida Species

Silva

Rocha

Silva³

et al. 2020

Pathogens

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Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a common fungal infection in women. In this study, Platonia insignis hydroalcoholic extract (PiHE) and its fractions were evaluated for antifungal and antivirulence activities against vaginal Candida species. Dichloromethane (DCMF) and ethyl acetate fractions (EAF) obtained from PiHE effectively inhibited the pathogen. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry was used for identifying the main compounds in extracts. Minimal inhibitory and fungicidal concentrations (MIC and MFC, respectively) were determined by a broth microdilution assay. Furthermore, we evaluated the effect of the extract and fractions on the virulence properties of Candida albicans, and their cytotoxicity effect was determined on RAW 264.7 cells. Compounds found in extracts were flavonoid glycosides, mainly derivatives of quercetin and myricetin. Extracts showed antifungal potential, with the lowest MIC value for EAF (1.3 mg/mL) and inhibited Candida adherence and biofilm formation. EAF disrupted 48 h biofilms with an inhibition rate of more than 90%. The extract and its fractions exhibited no cytotoxicity. The antifungal effects were attributed to the ability of these extracts to alter the mitochondrial membrane potential for the release of pro-apoptotic factors in the cytosol. In conclusion, our data suggest that PiHE and EAF could act as novel candidates for the development of new therapeutic treatments against fungal infections.

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“…The cells (1 × 10 6 cells per milliliter, in 500 µl) were treated with EAF (MIC) for 24 h, at 37 • C. After being washed, the cell pellets were resuspended in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (500 µl) and labeled with rhodamine 123 (Rho 123) (10 µg/ml in the dark for 10 min) (Ronot et al, 1986;Olsson et al, 1987;Alves et al, 2017). The cells were washed three times, resuspended in PBS, and analyzed by flow cytometry (BD Accuri TM , United States; FL3 channel for AO and FL1 for Rho 123).…”

Section: Measurement Of Mitochondrial Membrane Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Total intracellular sterols were extracted as previously described, with modifications (Arthington-Skaggs et al, 1999;Alves et al, 2017). C. neoformans and C. gattii were inoculated into 50 ml of SDB overnight (Difco R ), containing MIC or 2 × MIC of EAF or FLC (MIC) as a positive control.…”

Section: Ergosterol Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several strategies and techniques are currently available to assist in drug discovery and development, and natural products represent one of the most successful alternatives (Davison and Brimble, 2019). Different studies have investigated the activity and efficacy of plant extracts/fractions (Thammasit et al, 2018) and their secondary metabolites (Alves et al, 2017;Li et al, 2017) against Cryptococcus spp. These have indicated that plant-derived preparations and compounds act in such pathogens by targeting their survival and virulence, increasing host defense or enhancing the activity of known antifungal drugs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of in vitro Antifungal Activity of Xylosma prockia (Turcz.) Turcz. (Salicaceae) Leaves Against Cryptococcus spp.

et al. 2020

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Cryptococcus species are responsible for important systemic mycosis and are estimated to cause millions of new cases annually. The available therapy is limited due to the high toxicity and the increasing rates of yeast resistance to antifungal drugs. Popularly known as "sucará," Xylosma prockia (Turcz.) Turcz. (Salicaceae) is a native plant from Brazil with little information on its pharmacological potential. In this work, we evaluated in vitro anticryptococcal effects of the leaf ethanolic extract of X. prockia and its fractions against Cryptococcus gattii and Cryptococcus neoformans. We also evaluated phenotypic alterations caused by ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) (chosen according to its biological results). The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis of EAF demonstrated the presence of phenolic metabolites that belong to three structurally related groups as majority compounds: caffeoylquinic acid, coumaroylglucoside, and caffeoyl-glucoside/deoxyhexosyl-caffeoyl glucoside derivatives. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against C. gattii and C. neoformans ranged from 8 to 64 mg/L and from 0.5 to 8 mg/L, for ethanolic extract and EAF, respectively. The EAF triggered an oxidative burst and promoted lipid peroxidation. EAF also induced a reduction of ergosterol content in the pathogen cell membrane. These effects were not associated with alterations in the cell surface charge or in the thermodynamic fingerprint of the molecular interaction between EAF and the yeasts evaluated. Cytotoxic experiments with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) demonstrated that EAF was more selective for yeasts than was PBMCs. The results may provide evidence that X. prockia leaf extract might indeed be a potential source of antifungal agents.

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Eugenol Induces Phenotypic Alterations and Increases the Oxidative Burst in Cryptococcus

Cited by 13 publications

References 42 publications

Antimicrobial and Antivirulence Action of Eugenia brejoensis Essential Oil in vitro and in vivo Invertebrate Models

Antimicrobial and Antivirulence Action of Eugenia brejoensis Essential Oil in vitro and in vivo Invertebrate Models

Antifungal and Antivirulence Activities of Hydroalcoholic Extract and Fractions of Platonia insignis Leaves against Vaginal Isolates of Candida Species

Evaluation of in vitro Antifungal Activity of Xylosma prockia (Turcz.) Turcz. (Salicaceae) Leaves Against Cryptococcus spp.

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