EU involvement in TEN development: network effects and European value added

Network effects and total economic impact in transport appraisal

“…Management of this large and complex network is devolved so that there can be conflicts between local and global optimisation within modes, between modes and between countries. As others have shown, there can be uncounted, uncosted effects in related markets (Roy,1995;Van Exel et al,2002).…”

“…European policymakers have been interested for some years now in network effects -see, for example Turró (1999), van Exel et al (2002), and Pearman et al (2003). There is a widely-held belief among policymakers that transport infrastructure projects give rise to network effects which are not taken into account in the appraisal of these projects.…”

Conference proceedings

“…This formalized concept has to show how input (exogenous) factors alter output (endogenous) variables and relationships between the railway infrastructure and the national economy to allow analyse short, medium and long term changes in the national economy structure caused by the changes in the technical, political, economic and financial proceedings of railway infrastructure as well as predict the national economy impact on the railway infrastructure indicators and vice versa in order to identify the necessary changes in the proceedings of the railway infrastructure so that the national economy objectives can be achieved. It is crucially important to define in advance the base case (Job van Exel et al, 2002) whilst detecting specific characteristics of the model object. Then, relevant external and internal effects should be determined (Button, 1993;Rienstra, 1998).…”

A new composite decision support framework for strategic and sustainable transport appraisals

“…However, decision making based on CBA is found to be inadequate to incorporate and assess multiple, often conflicting objectives, criteria or attributes like environmental or social issues which are usually intrinsically difficult to quantify (Beukers et al, 2012;Barfod et al, 2011;Mackie and Preston, 1998). For this reason it is necessary to expand the decision making process beyond the consideration of solely economic factors (Barfod, 2012a;Wright et al, 2009;Van Exel et al, 2002). The implementation of such a decision making framework under the multiple criteria will require multi-disciplinary and multi-participatory approaches, especially when there is need for assessing a decision problem from different perspectives such as a sustainability perspective (Banister, 2008).…”