Eu, Gd-Codoped Yttria Nanoprobes for Optical and T1-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Abstract

Nanoprobes with multimodal functionality have attracted significant interest recently because of their potential applications in nanomedicine. This paper reports the successful development of lanthanide-doped Y2O3 nanoprobes for potential applications in optical and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The morphology, structural, and optical properties of these nanoprobes were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and photoluminescence (PL). The cytotoxicity test showed that the prepared lanthanide-doped Y2O3 nanoprobes have good biocompatibility. The obvious contrast enhancement in the T1-weighted MR images suggested that these nanoprobes can be used as a positive contrast agent in MRI. In addition, the clear fluorescence images of the L-929 cells incubated with the nanoprobes highlight their potential for optical imaging. Overall, these results suggest that prepared lanthanide-doped Y2O3 nanoprobes can be used for simultaneous optical and MR imaging.

Toxicity and T2-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Potentials of Holmium Oxide Nanoparticles

“…The toxicity of the prepared NPs is another important factor that should be taken into consideration for potential nanomedical applications. Figure 5 presents the cytotoxicity profiles of the PEG–Ho 2 O 3 NPs in L-929 fibroblastic cells using a WST-8 assay [ 10 , 11 ]. Metal ions can generate reactive oxygen species in the cell interior (“Trojan horse” mechanism), which leads to oxidative stress to living cells [ 20 ].…”

“…All characterization measurements were performed at a room temperature of 22 ± 1 °C. The conditions for cell culture, cytotoxicity assay, fluorescence assay and statistical analysis were reported in our previous report [ 11 ].…”

“…On the other hand, the main limitation associated with the broad use of Gd 2 O 3 NPs is in their high toxicity. In this regard, surface modification or Gd-doping into a less toxic material can be used [ 10 , 11 ], but these alterations can also deteriorate the relaxivity rates of the Gd 2 O 3 NPs.…”

Gadolinium-Doped Gallic Acid-Zinc/Aluminium-Layered Double Hydroxide/Gold Theranostic Nanoparticles for a Bimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Drug Delivery System

“…This is indicative that R1 signal increase is as a result of the formation of Gd-based nanoparticles. The boost occurred as a result of the shortening of the longitudinal relaxation time (T1) [ 40 , 41 ] due higher surface area to volume ratio of AuNPs coated on the surface of the nanoparticles, which improves water solubility [ 41 ] and molecule movement, and proton exchange within the /LDH lattice [ 42 , 43 ]. The phenomenon is suspected to be connected with the change in structure of the nanohybrid after AuNPs surface coating, as observed in the GAGZAu TEM and FESEM micrographs.…”

Effect of the Composition of Lanthanide Complexes on Their Luminescence Enhancement by Ag@SiO2 Core-Shell Nanoparticles

“…Luminescent lanthanide compounds have been widely used in various fields, such as fluorescence materials [ 1 , 2 , 3 ], electroluminescence devices [ 4 , 5 ], fluorescence probes and labels in biological systems [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ], because they have the advantages of narrow emission bands, long fluorescence lifetimes and large Stokes shifts [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. However, because of the parity rule, the f–f transition of lanthanide ions is forbidden, which leads to their weak luminescence intensities [ 1 , 2 ].…”