Etude de la structure, et plus spécialement de l'appareil nucléaire, de très grandes bactéries sporulantes

Delaporte, B

doi:10.1002/jobm.19700100303

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…There are numerous descriptions of giant bacteria, yet phylogenetic data are not available for many of them because some descriptions preceded the advent of molecular phylogeny for example ( Delaporte 1964 , 1970 ). Nevertheless, it is clear that bacterial gigantism has evolved multiple times as giant cells are found in at least six phyla ( fig.…”

Section: Meet the Giantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, as a first step toward improving our understanding of the phylogeny, physiology, and genomics of giant bacteria, biodiversity studies should include field observations followed by microscopic analyses, specifically in areas where giant bacteria have been identified before as free-living bacteria (mangroves, deep sea, caves, etc.) or as symbionts in insects ( Iida et al 2000 ), bivalves ( Margulis and Hinkle 2013 ), amphibians ( Delaporte 1963 , 1970 ), fishes ( Montgomery and Pollak 1988 ; Miyake et al 2016 ), and mammals ( Angert 2012 ).…”

Section: Polyploid Giant Bacteria: An Open Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genomic Mysteries of Giant Bacteria: Insights and Implications

Ionescu,

Volland,

Contarini

et al. 2023

Genome Biology and Evolution

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Bacteria and Archaea are traditionally regarded as organisms with a simple morphology constrained to a size of 2-3 micrometers. Nevertheless, the history of microbial research is rich in description of giant bacteria exceeding tens, and even hundreds of micrometers in length or diameter already from its early days, e.g. Beggiatoa spp, to the present, e.g. Ca. Thiomargarita magnifica. While some of these giants are still being studied, some were lost to science, with merely drawing and photomicrographs as evidence for their existence. The physiology and biogeochemical role of giant bacteria has been studied, with a large focus on those involved in the sulfur cycle. With the onset of the genomic era, no special emphasis has been given to this group, in an attempt to gain a novel, evolutionary and molecular, understanding of the phenomenon of bacterial gigantism. The few existing genomic studies reveal a mysterious world of hyper-polyploid bacteria with hundreds to hundreds-of-thousands of chromosomes which are in some cases identical and in others, extremely different. These studies on giant bacteria reveal novel organelles, cellular compartmentalization, and novel mechanisms to combat the accumulation of deleterious mutation in polyploid bacteria. In this perspective paper, we provide a brief overview of what is known on the genomics of giant bacteria and build on that to highlight a few burning questions that await to be addressed.

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Section: Meet the Giantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Polyploid Giant Bacteria: An Open Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Mysteries of Giant Bacteria: Insights and Implications

Ionescu,

Volland,

Contarini

et al. 2023

Genome Biology and Evolution

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Giant Bacteria

Ionescu

Bižić

2019

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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For almost all bacteria, it is convenient to be very small, but a few highly specialist groups of bacteria have evolved to be orders of magnitude larger than ordinary bacteria. While some of these giant microbes are abnormally large in all dimensions, others are long and thin or consist of assemblages of multiple cells. These giant bacteria are spread across the domain Bacteria and have evolved multiple ways to combat diffusion constrains. Giant bacteria often thrive in nutrient and carbon‐rich environments and/or in steep redox gradients. Genomically, giant bacteria seem all to be polyploid, that is containing multiple copies of their genome. Giant bacteria have been described throughout the history of microbial research but only some of them can be traced in current taxonomy and are being actively studied. Therefore, it is likely there are other giant bacteria in nature, awaiting to be explored. Key Concepts Growth and activity of giant bacteria are expected to be constrained by a combination of diffusion of nutrients into the cells as well as intracellular trafficking of solutes by diffusion. Giant bacteria can be divided into ‘truly’ giant, consisting of abnormally large cells on all dimensions, or ‘pseudo‐giant’ consisting of cells abnormally large on one axis or multicellular assemblages of bacteria. ‘Pseudo‐giant’ bacteria may not face the same diffusion limitations as ‘truly’ giant bacteria. ‘Truly’ giant bacteria likely ‘resolve’ diffusion constrains by one or more methods including, minimising cytoplasmic space by intracellular (pseudo)compartmentalisation, storage vacuoles, rapid swimming. Giant bacteria often grow in carbon‐ and nutrient‐rich environments and/or in steep redox gradients, thus additionally minimising diffusion‐related constraints. Current knowledge suggests that all giant bacteria contain multiple copies of their genomes being oligoploid (3–10 copies) or polyploid (10–1000s of copies). Gigantism in bacteria occurs in multiple phylogenetic lineages covering both Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive taxa. Early descriptions of giant bacteria suggest that the currently studied taxa do not encompass the entire diversity of abnormally large bacteria.

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Etude de la structure, et plus spécialement de l'appareil nucléaire, de très grandes bactéries sporulantes

Cited by 2 publications

References 16 publications

Genomic Mysteries of Giant Bacteria: Insights and Implications

Genomic Mysteries of Giant Bacteria: Insights and Implications

Giant Bacteria

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