EtTect of frost flowers, rough saline snow and slush on the ERS-l SAR backscatter of thin Arctic sea-ice

Vlander, L. M. H.; Carlström, Anders; Askne, J.

doi:10.1080/01431169508954631

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Synthetic Aperture Radar, such as that carried by the ERS-1 satellite, is sensitive to the nature of the sea ice surface and has been used to identify frost-flower covered leads in the Arctic [Melling, 1998;Ulander et al, 1995]. However, little quantitative data exists as yet for the Antarctic.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frost flowers as a source of fractionated sea salt aerosol in the polar regions

Rankin

Auld

Wolff

2000

Geophysical Research Letters

167

187

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract.Frost flowers collected from the surface of new sea ice near the Brunt Ice Shelf, Antarctica, show depletion in sulphate and sodium relative to other sea water ions. This is consistent with loss of mirabilite (Na2SO4) during formation of the brine from which the frost flowers grow. Aerosol generated from frost flowers would have higher sodium:sulphate ratios than aerosol generated from sea water. This would explain low values of non-sea-salt sulphate encountered in winter aerosol, and winter layers in ice cores, at coastal Antarctic sites. Calculations confirm that the frost flower source should be significant compared to an open water source for coastal regions.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frost flowers as a source of fractionated sea salt aerosol in the polar regions

Rankin

Auld

Wolff

2000

Geophysical Research Letters

167

187

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A synthetic aperture radar (SAR, carried by the ERS-1 satellite), which is sensitive to the nature of sea ice surface, has been used to identify leads covered by frost flowers in the Arctic (Melling, 1998;Ulander et al, 1995). In addition, a radar study conducted in Svalbard archipelago using the ERS-2 satellite in March-April 1998 (Augstein, 2000) registered strong reflectance of a 15×15 km 2 area of the Arctic Ocean west of Nordaustlandet (80 • 42 N, 8 • E), which was interpreted as frost flowers by Kaleschke et al (2004).…”

Section: Frost Flowers As a Source Of Fractionated Sea-salt In Wintermentioning

confidence: 99%

Frost flower chemical signature in winter snow on Vestfonna ice cap, Nordaustlandet, Svalbard

Beaudon

Moore

2009

The Cryosphere

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The chemistry of snow and ice cores from Svalbard is influenced by variations in local sea ice margin and distance to open water. Snow pits sampled at two summits of Vestfonna ice cap (Nordaustlandet, Svalbard), exhibit spatially heterogeneous soluble ions concentrations despite similar accumulation rates, reflecting the importance of smallscale weather patterns on this island ice cap. The snow pack on the western summit shows higher average values of marine ions and a winter snow layer that is relatively depleted in sulphate. One part of the winter snow pack exhibits a [SO 2− 4 /Na + ] ratio reduced by two thirds compared with its ratio in sea water. This low sulphate content in winter snow is interpreted as the signature of frost flowers, which are formed on young sea ice when offshore winds predominate. Frost flowers have been described as the dominant source of sea salt to aerosol and precipitation in ice cores in coastal Antarctica but this is the first time their chemical signal has been described in the Arctic. The eastern summit does not show any frost flower signature and we interpret the unusually dynamic ice transport and rapid formation of thin ice on the Hinlopen Strait as the source of the frost flowers.

show abstract

“…The proposed classifier did not include a separate classification cluster for this ice type. A useful line of future research would include a study of the potential of segmenting frost flower-covered ice from RFY ice using the results of Wensnahan [7] and Ulander [28]. Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An iterative approach to multisensor sea ice classification

Remund

Long

Drinkwater

2000

IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-Characterizing the variability in sea ice in the polar regions is fundamental to an understanding of global climate and the geophysical processes governing climate changes. Sea ice can be grouped into a number of general classes with different characteristics. Multisensor data from NSCAT, ERS-2, and SSM/I are reconstructed into enhanced resolution imagery for use in ice-type classification. The resulting twelve-dimensional data set is linearly transformed through principal component analysis to reduce data dimensionality and noise levels. An iterative statistical data segmentation algorithm is developed using maximum likelihood (ML) and maximum a posteriori (MAP) techniques. For a given ice type, the conditional probability distributions of observed vectors are assumed to be Gaussian. The cluster centroids, covariance matrices, and a priori distributions are estimated from the classification of a previous temporal image set. An initial classification is produced using centroid training data and a weighted nearestneighbor classifier. Though validation is limited, the algorithm results in an ice classification that is judged to be superior to a conventional -means approach.

show abstract

EtTect of frost flowers, rough saline snow and slush on the ERS-l SAR backscatter of thin Arctic sea-ice

Cited by 27 publications

References 26 publications

Frost flowers as a source of fractionated sea salt aerosol in the polar regions

Frost flowers as a source of fractionated sea salt aerosol in the polar regions

Frost flower chemical signature in winter snow on Vestfonna ice cap, Nordaustlandet, Svalbard

An iterative approach to multisensor sea ice classification

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About