ETOPO2, Global 2 Arc-minute Ocean Depth and Land Elevation from the US National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC)

Nesdis,

doi:10.5065/d6668b75

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…respectively. We use the bathymetry from Etopo2 (2001), and the Multivariate El Niño Index (MEI; Wolter and Timlin (2011); https://psl.noaa.gov/enso/mei/).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the assumption that most of the long-term changes are anthropogenic, our estimate of the positive trend in DIC between 1500 m and 4000 m might be overestimated, but within the uncertainties. To obtain the depth until where we vertically integrate, we use the bathymetry from Etopo2 (2001). Previous studies have found that there is no significant increase in Cant below 4000 m (Gruber et al, 2019).…”

Section: S3: Global Upscaling Of the Inventory Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent trends and variability in the oceanic storage of dissolved inorganic carbon

Keppler

Landschützer

Lauvset

et al. 2022

Preprint

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\justify Several methods have been developed to quantify the oceanic accumulation of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO$_2$) in response to rising atmospheric CO$_2$. Yet, we still lack a corresponding estimate of the changes in the total oceanic dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). In addition to the increase in anthropogenic CO$_2$, changes in DIC also include alterations of natural CO$_2$. Once integrated globally, changes in DIC reflect the net oceanic sink for atmospheric CO$_2$, complementary to estimates of the air-sea CO$_2$ exchange based on surface measurements. Here, we extend the MOBO-DIC machine learning approach by \citeA{keppler_mapped_2020} to estimate global monthly fields of DIC at 1$^{\circ}$ resolution over the top 1500 m from 2004 through 2019. We find that over these 16 years and extrapolated to cover the whole global ocean down to 4000 m, the oceanic DIC pool increased close to linearly at an average rate of 3.2$\pm$0.7 Pg C yr$^{-1}$. This trend is statistically indistinguishable from current estimates of the oceanic uptake of anthropogenic CO$_2$ over the same period. Thus, our study implies no detectable net loss or gain of natural CO$_2$ by the ocean, albeit the large uncertainties could be masking it. Our reconstructions suggest substantial internal redistributions of natural oceanic CO$_2$, with a shift from the mid-latitudes to the tropics and from the surface to below $\sim$200 m. Such redistributions correspond with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation. The interannual variability of DIC is strongest in the tropical Western Pacific, consistent with the El Ni$\tilde{n}$o Southern Oscillation.

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“…respectively. We use the bathymetry from Etopo2 (2001), and the Multivariate El Niño Index (MEI; Wolter and Timlin (2011); https://psl.noaa.gov/enso/mei/).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: S3: Global Upscaling Of the Inventory Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent trends and variability in the oceanic storage of dissolved inorganic carbon

Keppler

Landschützer

Lauvset

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Due to the importance of physical variables for MOx rate prediction, only data points with accompanying methane concentration, temperature, salinity, and depth data were retained. To calculate the depth integrated MOx rates in global near-shore waters, we downloaded global seafloor depth data (n = 58,330,800) from the ETOPO2 high-resolution bathymetry from the US National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) 60 (resolution: 0.033°). Sites with depths ≤ 50 m were selected to determine the mean seafloor depth (D shallow ) in the near-shore areas using the equation of D shallow = 1 n P n i = 1 f ðiÞ, where f (i) is the site depth and n is the number of near-shore sites based on 0.033°resolution (n = 421473) filtered by the dplyr R software package.…”

Section: Machine-learning Prediction Of Global Mox Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic oxidation of methane significantly reduces global diffusive methane emissions from shallow marine waters

et al. 2022

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Methane is supersaturated in surface seawater and shallow coastal waters dominate global ocean methane emissions to the atmosphere. Aerobic methane oxidation (MOx) can reduce atmospheric evasion, but the magnitude and control of MOx remain poorly understood. Here we investigate methane sources and fates in the East China Sea and map global MOx rates in shallow waters by training machine-learning models. We show methane is produced during methylphosphonate decomposition under phosphate-limiting conditions and sedimentary release is also source of methane. High MOx rates observed in these productive coastal waters are correlated with methanotrophic activity and biomass. By merging the measured MOx rates with methane concentrations and other variables from a global database, we predict MOx rates and estimate that half of methane, amounting to 1.8 ± 2.7 Tg, is consumed annually in near-shore waters (<50 m), suggesting that aerobic methanotrophy is an important sink that significantly constrains global methane emissions.

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Simulation of stably stratified flow in complex terrain: flow structures and dividing streamline

et al. 2018

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ETOPO2, Global 2 Arc-minute Ocean Depth and Land Elevation from the US National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC)

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Recent trends and variability in the oceanic storage of dissolved inorganic carbon

Recent trends and variability in the oceanic storage of dissolved inorganic carbon

Aerobic oxidation of methane significantly reduces global diffusive methane emissions from shallow marine waters

Simulation of stably stratified flow in complex terrain: flow structures and dividing streamline

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